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Related Concept Videos

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity01:20

Special Features of Adaptive Immunity

The adaptive immune system, a crucial component of the overall immune response, offers a highly specialized defense against pathogens. It involves specific cell types and features, enabling it to combat infections effectively and efficiently.
The primary cell types involved in adaptive immunity are T cells and B cells. Each type has a unique role in defending the body against pathogens. T cells are responsible for cell-mediated immunity. They identify and eliminate infected cells directly,...
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Cell-mediated Immune Responses

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Tissue Transplantation01:24

Tissue Transplantation

Tissue transplantation is a significant medical procedure involving the transfer of cells, tissues, or organs from a donor to a recipient, with the primary aim of restoring lost functions. This procedure is crucial in treating a broad spectrum of diseases, including kidney diseases, liver failure, heart disease, and certain types of cancers.
The Biology of Tissue Transplantation
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Kidney Transplant I: Introduction

A kidney transplant is a surgical approach that involves replacing a non-functioning kidney with a healthy one from a donor. This procedure is often a treatment option for end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients. The method requires careful recipient selection, including evaluating various medical and psychosocial factors. These criteria vary between transplant centers but generally include assessments of the patient's overall health, adherence to medical recommendations, and lifestyle...
T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

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Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients
18:48

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients

Published on: August 12, 2017

Choosing between immunity and tolerance after transplantation.

Benjamin Samstein1

  • 1Department of Surgery, Columbia University, PH 14 Center 202, New York, NY 10032, USA. bs212@columbia.edu

Cellular Immunology
|November 22, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Solid organ transplantation triggers innate and adaptive immunity. Current treatments may hinder tolerance, suggesting ex vivo immune manipulation is key for balancing immunity and antigen-specific tolerance.

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Last Updated: Jul 10, 2026

In Vitro and In Vivo Assessment of T, B and Myeloid Cells Suppressive Activity and Humoral Responses from Transplant Recipients
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Published on: April 19, 2017

Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Transplant Science

Background:

  • Solid organ transplantation involving MHC disparate organs activates innate and adaptive immune responses, encompassing both effector and regulatory pathways.
  • While lymphodepletion and IL-2 blockade can manage acute alloimmune responses, they may also suppress crucial regulatory immune functions.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the complex interplay of immune responses in solid organ transplantation.
  • To investigate the role of cytokines, TLRs, and complement in immune rejection and tolerance.
  • To propose alternative strategies for achieving antigen-specific tolerance alongside robust immunity.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on immune responses in solid organ transplantation.
  • Analysis of the roles of various immune components, including cytokines, TLRs, and complement.
  • Conceptualization of ex vivo immune manipulation strategies.

Main Results:

  • Immune responses in transplantation involve both effector and regulatory arms.
  • Cytokines implicated in rejection are also vital for tolerance.
  • TLRs and complement engagement can promote both suppressive and effector immune responses.

Conclusions:

  • Achieving antigen-specific tolerance while maintaining effective immunity may necessitate ex vivo manipulation of the immune system.
  • Relying solely on in vivo perturbations of homeostatic processes might be insufficient for optimal transplant outcomes.