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Related Experiment Video

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Combining Multiple Data Acquisition Systems to Study Corticospinal Output and Multi-segment Biomechanics

Combining Multiple Data Acquisition Systems to Study Corticospinal Output and Multi-segment Biomechanics

Published on: January 9, 2016

Combining modules for movement.

E Bizzi¹, V C K Cheung, A d'Avella

¹Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences and McGovern Institute for Brain Research, Massachusetts Institute of Technolgy 46-6189, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. ebizzi@mit.edu

Brain Research Reviews

|November 22, 2007

Summary

The vertebrate motor system uses basic motor output units to create complex movements. Evidence suggests the spinal cord has a modular organization, simplifying movement production.

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Motor Control
Spinal Cord Physiology

Background:

The vertebrate motor system's control mechanisms are complex.
Understanding how the nervous system generates coordinated movements is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

To review experimental evidence supporting a modular hypothesis of motor output.
To present findings on the spinal cord's functional organization.

Main Methods:

Review of experiments utilizing spinal cord microstimulation.
Analysis of NMDA iontophoresis studies.
Examination of natural behaviors in intact and deafferented animal models.

Main Results:

Experimental data support the hypothesis that movements are generated by combining basic motor output units.
Evidence indicates a modular organization within the spinal cord.
A motor module is defined as a functional unit producing specific muscle activation patterns.

Conclusions:

The spinal cord exhibits a modular organization, simplifying motor control.
This modular structure reduces the degrees of freedom requiring neural specification for movement.
The findings contribute to understanding the neural basis of motor production.