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Related Concept Videos

Communication01:03

Communication

Communication between two animals occurs when one animal transmits an information signal that causes a change in the animal that receives the information. Organisms communicate with one another in a host of different ways. Signals can be auditory, chemical, visual, tactile, or a combination of these. Communication is a critical behavioral adaptation that promotes survival, growth, and reproduction.

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Ultrasonic signalling by a Bornean frog.

Victoria S Arch1, T Ulmar Grafe, Peter M Narins

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of California Los Angeles, 621 Charles E. Young Drive South, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.

Biology Letters
|November 22, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Huia cavitympanum frogs produce purely ultrasonic calls, a first for anuran amphibians. Their high-frequency vocalizations may aid communication, similar to Odorrana tormota.

Area of Science:

  • Zoology
  • Bioacoustics
  • Amphibian research

Background:

  • Only two anuran species, Odorrana tormota and Huia cavitympanum, have recessed tympanic membranes.
  • Odorrana tormota is the only non-mammalian vertebrate known to use ultrasonic communication (above 20 kHz).
  • Recessed tympana are hypothesized to be crucial for high-frequency hearing sensitivity.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To analyze the vocalizations of Huia cavitympanum.
  • To determine if Huia cavitympanum utilizes ultrasonic frequencies.
  • To investigate the vocal repertoire variability in Huia cavitympanum.

Main Methods:

  • Acoustic recording and analysis of Huia cavitympanum vocalizations.
  • Spectrographic analysis to determine frequency modulation and spectral composition.

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  • Comparison of call characteristics with Odorrana tormota.

    • Main Results:

    • Huia cavitympanum emits exceptionally high-frequency calls.
    • A portion of Huia cavitympanum's calls are entirely ultrasonic.
    • This is the first documented instance of an anuran species producing purely ultrasonic signals.
    • The species exhibits significant variability in frequency modulation and spectral composition.
    • Vocalizations span a wide range of dominant frequencies.

    Conclusions:

    • Huia cavitympanum's purely ultrasonic calls represent a significant finding in anuran bioacoustics.
    • The broad frequency range of their vocalizations may enhance acoustic energy transmission.
    • The convergent evolution of ultrasonic communication in these species warrants further research into vertebrate high-frequency hearing.
    • Phylogenetically informed studies on other lower vertebrates are encouraged to understand the evolution of high-frequency hearing.