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Related Concept Videos

Probiotics01:22

Probiotics

Probiotics are live, non-pathogenic microorganisms that confer health benefits by modulating the gut microbiota. The human gastrointestinal tract harbors a complex microbial ecosystem, and the balance of this microbiota is crucial for digestive and systemic health. Among the most extensively studied and utilized probiotics are species formerly classified within the genera Lactobacillus and Bifidobacterium. These organisms not only naturally colonize the human gut but are also consumed through...
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Antibiotics have revolutionized modern medicine by saving countless lives from bacterial infections. However, their widespread use has inadvertently harmed the delicate balance of the human gut microbiota. The gut microbiota, a complex community of bacteria, archaea, viruses, and fungi, plays a vital role in regulating metabolism, immune responses, and maintaining intestinal health. Antibiotics, especially broad-spectrum types, disrupt this ecosystem by eradicating both harmful and beneficial...
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Bacterial Gastroenteritis

Bacterial gastroenteritis, characterized by diarrhea, abdominal cramps, and vomiting, is often caused by ingestion of contaminated food or water and is frequently associated with pathogenic Escherichia coli strains. These microbes exploit two principal mechanisms to inflict disease.Shiga toxin–producing E. coli, also referred to as STEC—notably O157:H7—release Shiga toxins that target ribosomes, blocking protein synthesis. The B subunit of the toxin binds the host glycolipid receptor...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 10, 2026

Probiotic Studies in Neonatal Mice Using Gavage
10:36

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Published on: January 27, 2019

Probiotics for necrotizing enterocolitis: a systematic review.

Andrew R Barclay1, Ben Stenson, Judith H Simpson

  • 1Department of Child Health, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK. a.barclay@clinmed.gla.ac.uk

Journal of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Nutrition
|November 22, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Oral probiotics show a trend toward reducing necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in preterm and very low birth weight infants. However, more research is needed to optimize probiotic use and confirm safety for preventing this neonatal emergency.

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Published on: July 28, 2022

Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Gastroenterology
  • Microbiome Research

Background:

  • Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a critical neonatal emergency with high morbidity and mortality.
  • Oral probiotics are investigated as a preventive strategy for NEC.
  • Previous studies in rat models suggest probiotic efficacy.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review existing data on oral probiotic use for NEC prevention in preterm and very low birth weight (VLBW) infants.
  • To assess the incidence, severity, surgical needs, and mortality associated with NEC in infants receiving probiotics.

Main Methods:

  • Systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and quasi-RCTs.
  • Searches conducted on Medline and CINAHL databases using specific keywords related to preterm infants, VLBW infants, NEC, and probiotics.
  • Citation searches performed for all relevant studies.

Main Results:

  • Five RCTs involving 640 infants treated with probiotics and 627 controls were analyzed.
  • A trend towards reduced NEC incidence was observed in infants receiving probiotics.
  • Significant heterogeneity in probiotic formulations, timing, and methods precluded data synthesis.

Conclusions:

  • Current data suggest oral probiotics may help prevent NEC in preterm and VLBW infants.
  • Insufficient data exist to determine the short- and long-term safety of probiotics for NEC prevention.
  • Further research is required to optimize probiotic types, dosages, and timing, and to elucidate their mechanisms of action in preventing NEC.