Continuous-wave photothermal deflection spectroscopy with fundamental and harmonic responses
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Updated: Jul 9, 2026

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Published on: May 29, 2018
Abstract:
A diffraction theory of continuous-wave photothermal deflection (PD) spectroscopy with fundamental and harmonic responses is presented. The displacement of the probe beam centroid is found to be a rigorous measurement of PD effect, which leads to a set of analytical solutions to the fundamental and the second-order harmonics. Harmonics are caused by the diffraction of the probe beam in the mirage region, which could not be handled by geometric-optics theory. This theory can be used to study bulk materials, thin films, and layered-structure samples. Experimental results are in good agreement with the theory.
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