Varicella vaccination in children
1Section of Paediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA. cleme002@mc.duke.edu
Summary
Varicella vaccines, derived from the Oka strain, have been available since the 1970s for both healthy and immunocompromised individuals. Despite some controversy, their use is increasing, particularly due to outbreaks and potential financial benefits.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Vaccinology
- Public Health
Background:
- Varicella (chickenpox) vaccines have been developed and used globally since the 1970s.
- Initially for immunocompromised children, vaccines are now licensed for healthy children.
- Three major manufacturers produce varicella vaccines derived from the Oka strain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the development, use, and controversies surrounding varicella vaccines.
- To examine the historical context and global adoption of varicella vaccination.
- To discuss the arguments for and against widespread varicella immunization.
Main Methods:
- Review of published literature on varicella vaccine development and utilization.
- Analysis of vaccine licensing and approval dates across different countries.
- Examination of the scientific and public health arguments related to varicella vaccination.
Main Results:
- Varicella vaccines are available from Biken, Merck, and SmithKline Beecham, all using the Oka strain.
- Vaccine use has expanded from immunocompromised populations to healthy children.
- Controversies include perceived disease mildness, unknown long-term immunity, and potential shifts in complication age.
Conclusions:
- Varicella vaccination is increasingly recommended, partly due to outbreaks and the economic benefit of preventing parental work absence.
- The long-term impact and cost-effectiveness of widespread varicella immunization warrant continued observation.
- Global adoption of varicella vaccination policies may increase with evolving family structures.
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