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Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption01:22

Pharmacokinetics in Geriatric Patients: Effect of Age on Drug Absorption

As individuals age, their body's physiology evolves, affecting drug pharmacokinetics. The most apparent changes occur in the gastrointestinal tract, where an increase in gastric pH, a delay in gastric emptying, and a reduction in gastrointestinal motility are observed. Remarkably, these changes do not substantially modify the absorption of orally administered drugs, particularly those absorbed via passive diffusion.Transdermal drug delivery emerges as a highly viable method for older adults due...
Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age01:27

Pharmacodynamics in Geriatric Patients: Effects of Age

Age-related pharmacokinetic changes are extensively documented, but understanding age-related pharmacodynamic alterations is relatively limited. This knowledge gap can be partly attributed to the complexity of developing appropriate measures of drug responses compared to bioanalytical methods for determining drug concentrations.Most information regarding age-related differences in human pharmacodynamics originates from cross-sectional studies. However, these studies assume that observed mean...
Other Pulmonary Disorders01:17

Other Pulmonary Disorders

Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.
Sleep-Wake Cycles01:24

Sleep-Wake Cycles

Sleep is an essential physiological process vital to maintaining overall well-being. The reticular activating system (RAS), a network of neurons in the brainstem, regulates wakefulness and sleep. While it may seem passive, sleep consists of distinct cycles, each with its unique characteristics and functions. Two key sleep phases are non-rapid eye movement (NREM) and  rapid eye movement (REM).
NREM Sleep
NREM sleep comprises four progressive stages that seamlessly merge:
Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients01:15

Drug Dosing: Geriatric Patients

Elderly individuals encompass a diverse population with varying degrees of age-related physiological changes. Defining the elderly presents challenges, as the geriatric population is often arbitrarily categorized as individuals older than 65. However, many individuals in this group lead active and healthy lives, with an increasing number surpassing 85 years and falling into the older elderly category. Physiological changes associated with aging impact performance capacity and homeostatic...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

Obstructive sleep apnea in older adults.

Daniel Norman1, José S Loredo

  • 1Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, University of California, San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gilman Drive, MC 0804, San Diego, CA 92093-0804, USA.

Clinics in Geriatric Medicine
|November 24, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is common in older adults, often overlooked due to aging symptoms. Recognizing OSA in seniors is crucial for managing health risks and improving quality of life.

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Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy (DISE) with Target Controlled Infusion (TCI) and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

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Published on: December 6, 2016

Acupoint Application Combined with Ear Plaster Therapy for Treating Sleep Disorders with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
04:53

Acupoint Application Combined with Ear Plaster Therapy for Treating Sleep Disorders with Acute Exacerbation of Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Published on: October 18, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Gerontology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Cardiology

Background:

  • Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) typically presents in middle-aged men with snoring and sleepiness, increasing cardiovascular risk.
  • In older adults, OSA symptoms like fatigue and cognitive issues may be misattributed to aging, delaying diagnosis.
  • Understanding OSA in the elderly is vital due to its potential high prevalence and health implications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the terminology and pathophysiology of sleep-disordered breathing.
  • To discuss the increased prevalence of OSA in older adults compared to middle-aged individuals.
  • To compare the manifestations, consequences, and treatments of OSA in older versus younger adults.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of sleep-disordered breathing.
  • Analysis of OSA prevalence in different age groups.
  • Comparison of clinical presentations and management strategies.

Main Results:

  • OSA diagnostic features are similar across age groups, but recognition is lower in older adults.
  • Symptoms in the elderly are often mistaken for normal aging or other conditions.
  • Prevalence may be higher in older adults, with unique considerations for diagnosis and treatment.

Conclusions:

  • OSA is a significant health concern in older adults, frequently underdiagnosed.
  • Early recognition and appropriate management of OSA in seniors are essential for preventing cardiovascular complications.
  • Tailored approaches are needed to address the specific challenges of OSA in the aging population.