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Retrieval-based illusory recollections: why study-test contextual changes impair source memory.

Chad S Dodson¹

¹Department of Psychology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22904-4400, USA. cdodson@virginia.edu

Memory & Cognition

|November 24, 2007

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

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Retrieval conditions can create false memory of voice sources. Even when unsure, participants reported remembering the speaker, demonstrating illusory recollections influenced by the voice heard at retrieval.

Area of Science:

Cognitive Psychology
Memory Research
Source Monitoring

Background:

Source memory is crucial for accurate recollection.
Illusory source memories can arise from retrieval cues.
Understanding factors influencing source memory accuracy is important.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the creation of illusory source recollections.
To examine the role of retrieval voice cues in memory.
To differentiate between source discrimination and illusory recollections.

Main Methods:

Participants listened to words spoken by male/female voices during encoding.
At retrieval, participants identified the speaker or if the word was new.
A multinomial model was used to analyze performance.

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Main Results:

Retrieval voice (matching or mismatching) did not affect "don't remember" responses.
Both matching and mismatching voices at retrieval induced illusory recollections.
Illusory recollections were consistent with the voice presented at retrieval.

Conclusions:

Illusory source recollections can be manufactured at retrieval.
Retrieval voice cues strongly influence perceived source memory.
A proposed theory and model explain these illusory effects.