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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Multiplexed Fluorescent Immunohistochemical Staining of Four Endometrial Immune Cell Types in Recurrent Miscarriage

Multiplexed Fluorescent Immunohistochemical Staining of Four Endometrial Immune Cell Types in Recurrent Miscarriage

Published on: August 4, 2021

Progestagen therapy for recurrent miscarriage.

Julia Szekeres-Bartho¹, Juan Balasch

¹Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, Medical School, Pecs University, H-7643 Pecs, Hungary. julia.szekeres@aok.pte.hu

Human Reproduction Update

|November 27, 2007

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Progesterone plays a role in recurrent pregnancy loss (RM) by influencing the endometrium and immune system. While evidence is limited, some studies suggest progesterone supplementation may benefit women with RM.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Multiplexed Fluorescent Immunohistochemical Staining of Four Endometrial Immune Cell Types in Recurrent Miscarriage

Multiplexed Fluorescent Immunohistochemical Staining of Four Endometrial Immune Cell Types in Recurrent Miscarriage

Published on: August 4, 2021

Area of Science:

Reproductive Endocrinology
Immunology

Background:

Recurrent pregnancy loss (RM) affects 0.5-1% of couples, with complex pathophysiology.
Identified causes include anatomical, genetic, endocrine, and thrombotic factors, but ~50% remain unexplained.

Purpose of the Study:

To examine the role of progesterone in RM pathophysiology.
To review clinical evidence on progestogen treatment effectiveness for RM.

Main Methods:

Searched PubMed and Cochrane database (1968-2007).
Used search terms: progestogens, recurrent miscarriage, NK cells, cytokines.

Main Results:

Progesterone is crucial for endometrial receptivity and peri-implantation development.
Progesterone modulates the immune system via cytokine synthesis and NK cell function.
A meta-analysis indicated progesterone treatment did not improve general miscarriage outcomes, but three small, older RM studies showed a small significant effect.

Conclusions:

Standardized protocols are needed to identify progestogen treatment targets.
Well-designed randomized studies are essential to confirm progesterone supplementation's efficacy in RM.