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Related Concept Videos

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease III: Chronic Bronchitis Features

Chronic bronchitis is a key phenotype of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), characterized by airway-centered inflammation and mucus overproduction. It develops from long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases, most commonly cigarette smoke, which triggers a persistent inflammatory response.Cellular and Structural ChangesInflammation initially affects the large bronchi and later the smaller airways, with infiltration by immune cells, including neutrophils, macrophages, and...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations01:19

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease IV: Clinical Manifestations

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease, or COPD, is a long-term condition marked by persistent and only partially reversible airflow limitation. It involves two overlapping conditions—chronic bronchitis and emphysema—which often co-appear but differ in dominant symptoms and underlying mechanisms.Chronic Bronchitis FeaturesChronic bronchitis presents with a persistent productive cough and thick, sometimes purulent mucus due to airway inflammation, enlarged mucus glands, and goblet cell...
Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis01:30

Pulmonary Hypertension: Classification and Pathogenesis

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a severe health condition in which the mean pulmonary arterial pressure increases to 25 mmHg or more, even when the body is at rest. This high pressure in the blood vessels that transport blood from the heart to the lungs can cause various symptoms, including shortness of breath, can lead to right heart failure, and significantly affect the overall quality of life.
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Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology01:10

Atelectasis II: Pathophysiology

Atelectasis develops when alveoli lose their air and collapse inward. Because lung tissue is naturally elastic, these air sacs shrink rather than remaining open. Collapsed alveoli are no longer ventilated, reducing their role in gas exchange. Blood flow may continue in these regions, creating a ventilation–perfusion mismatch. Clinical findings include decreased breath sounds, dullness to percussion, reduced chest expansion, and decreased tactile fremitus as sound transmission through collapsed...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.01:25

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
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Primary Symptoms of COPD:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet
09:22

Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet

Published on: November 4, 2015

[Hemodynamic features in persons with posttuberculosis pulmonary changes].

A E Ditiatkov, A E Radzevich, V A Tikhonov

    Problemy Tuberkuleza I Boleznei Legkikh
    |November 28, 2007
    PubMed
    Summary

    Patients with significant post-tuberculosis lung changes show right heart dilation, an early sign of chronic cor pulmonale. Left heart function remains normal, indicating recovery from toxic effects.

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    Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

    Chronic Thromboembolic Pulmonary Hypertension and Assessment of Right Ventricular Function in the Piglet
    09:22

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    Published on: November 4, 2015

    The Left Pneumonectomy Combined with Monocrotaline or Sugen as a Model of Pulmonary Hypertension in Rats
    07:29

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    Hemodynamic Characterization of Rodent Models of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension
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    Published on: April 11, 2016

    Area of Science:

    • Cardiology
    • Pulmonology
    • Medical Imaging

    Background:

    • Post-tuberculous lung changes can affect cardiovascular health.
    • Chronic cor pulmonale is a potential complication.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate intravascular and central hemodynamic features in patients with post-tuberculous lung changes.
    • To compare hemodynamic profiles with healthy individuals.
    • To identify early signs of chronic cor pulmonale.

    Main Methods:

    • Echocardiography was used to assess cardiac structure and function.
    • Clinical, functional, and electrocardiographic studies were performed.
    • Measurements included ventricular/atrial areas and volumes, ejection fraction, and cardiac indices.

    Main Results:

    • Patients exhibited right ventricle and right atrium dilation with increased specific contractility.
    • Right ventricular hypertrophy was rarely observed.
    • No significant changes were noted in the left ventricle or left heart indices.

    Conclusions:

    • Right ventricular dilation is an earlier indicator of chronic cor pulmonale than hypertrophy in post-tuberculous patients.
    • Normal left heart function suggests recovery from tuberculosis-related toxic effects.