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Related Concept Videos

Clathrin Coated Vesicles01:12

Clathrin Coated Vesicles

Clathrin-coated vesicles use endocytosis to transport receptors and lysosomal hydrolases from the Golgi to the lysosome in the late secretory pathway. Clathrin-mediated endocytosis was the first described endocytic process, and Clathrin-coated vesicles remain one of the most well-studied transport vesicles. The molecular machinery that generates clathrin-coated vesicles comprises over 50 proteins that precisely coordinate vesicle formation. Cell surface receptors concentrated in indented sites...
Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis00:58

Recycling Endosomes and Transcytosis

The recycling endosome, also known as the endosomal recycling compartment (ERC), is a part of the slow-recycling process of the endocytic pathway. Molecules internalized through receptor-mediated endocytosis are either degraded in the lysosomes or are recycled to the plasma membrane through the fast- or slow-recycling route.
The recycling endosome is not a single organelle but an extensively tubulated network of recycling pathways. It functions in storing molecules or transporting them across...
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
Receptor-mediated Endocytosis01:38

Receptor-mediated Endocytosis

Overview
Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis01:20

Receptor-Mediated Endocytosis

Receptor-mediated endocytosis is when bulk amounts of specific molecules are imported into a cell after binding to cell surface receptors. The molecules bound to these receptors are taken into the cell through inward folding of the cell surface membrane, which is eventually pinched off into a vesicle within the cell. Structural proteins, such as clathrin, coat the budding vesicle.
Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis of LDL
One well-characterized example of receptor-mediated endocytosis is the...
Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome01:36

Delivery Pathways to the Lysosome

Eukaryotic cells use different mechanisms to eliminate toxic waste obsolete and worn-out substances. Lysosomes play a pivotal role in this, and hence, these substances are carried to the lysosome from other parts of the cell and extracellular space through different pathways. The most elaborately studied pathways to the lysosome are the endocytic pathways.
Endocytosis
In endocytosis, the cell membrane takes up macromolecules and particles from the surrounding medium. Clathrin-mediated...

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Visualizing Clathrin-mediated Endocytosis of G Protein-coupled Receptors at Single-event Resolution via TIRF Microscopy
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Published on: October 20, 2014

Clathrin-independent internalization and recycling.

Qiang Gong1, Christopher Huntsman, Dzwokai Ma

  • 1Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, University of California, Santa Barbara, Santa Barbara, CA 93106, USA.

Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine
|November 28, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Cell surface protein levels are regulated by internalization and recycling pathways. This review highlights clathrin-independent endocytosis, crucial for cellular signaling and neuronal function.

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The Cell-based L-Glutathione Protection Assays to Study Endocytosis and Recycling of Plasma Membrane Proteins

Published on: December 13, 2013

Area of Science:

  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Protein expression on the plasma membrane is critical for cellular functions.
  • Internalization and recycling pathways regulate surface protein levels, impacting cellular signaling.
  • Clathrin-dependent endocytosis is well-studied, but clathrin-independent pathways remain poorly understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of protein internalization and recycling pathways.
  • To emphasize recent advancements in understanding clathrin-independent endocytosis.
  • To explore the role of clathrin-independent pathways in neuronal cells.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent studies on endocytosis and protein trafficking.
  • Analysis of current knowledge gaps in clathrin-independent internalization.
  • Synthesis of findings related to neuronal cell internalization mechanisms.

Main Results:

  • Clathrin-independent endocytosis accounts for a significant portion of cellular internalization (up to 50%).
  • Recent research has shed light on the mechanisms and coordination of various endocytic pathways.
  • Emerging data highlights the specific involvement of clathrin-independent pathways in neuronal cells.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding clathrin-independent internalization is essential for comprehending cellular signaling and protein regulation.
  • Further research is needed to fully elucidate the mechanisms and coordination of diverse endocytic routes.
  • Clathrin-independent pathways play a significant, yet underappreciated, role in neuronal cell biology.