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[Subcellular locations at which HIV-1 assembles].

Akira Ono1

  • 1Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0620, USA. akiraono@umich.edu

Uirusu
|November 28, 2007
PubMed
Summary
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The human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) structural protein Gag drives virus assembly. This review explores how Gag interacts with cellular membranes, influencing where HIV-1 assembles in different cell types.

Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Context:

  • Virus particle formation in HIV-1 is orchestrated by the Gag structural protein.
  • HIV-1 assembly typically occurs at the plasma membrane in T cells.
  • In macrophages, HIV-1 Gag and assembled virions accumulate within intracellular vesicles.

Purpose:

  • To review current knowledge on the mechanisms determining HIV-1 assembly sites.
  • To explore the roles of endosomal trafficking, membrane microdomains, and lipids in Gag localization.
  • To discuss the physiological significance of Gag-membrane interactions.

Summary:

  • HIV-1 assembly sites differ between cell types, with Gag localizing to the plasma membrane in T cells and intracellular vesicles in macrophages.
  • Recent research highlights the critical role of Gag's interaction with the cellular membrane system in dictating assembly locations.

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  • Key factors under investigation include endosomal pathways, membrane microdomains, and specific plasma membrane lipids.

    • Impact:

    • This review synthesizes current understanding of HIV-1 assembly determinants.
    • It provides insights into the cellular mechanisms governing viral replication.
    • Understanding these interactions may reveal new therapeutic targets for HIV-1 infection.