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Blood-brain barrier: structural components and function under physiologic and pathologic conditions.

Yuri Persidsky1, Servio H Ramirez, James Haorah

  • 1Center for Neurovirology and Neurodegenerative Disorders, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198-5215, USA. ypersids@unmc.edu

Journal of Neuroimmune Pharmacology : the Official Journal of the Society on Neuroimmune Pharmacology
|November 28, 2007
PubMed
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The blood-brain barrier (BBB) protects the brain but limits drug delivery. Understanding BBB regulation is key to developing new therapies for central nervous system (CNS) diseases.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Cell Biology
  • Physiology

Background:

  • The blood-brain barrier (BBB), formed by brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMVEC), protects the central nervous system (CNS).
  • It regulates nutrient supply and waste removal via tight junctions and metabolic barriers.
  • BBB dysfunction is implicated in various CNS diseases, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the mechanisms regulating the structural and functional integrity of the BBB.
  • To identify common intracellular pathways involved in BBB regulation.
  • To highlight the BBB's role as a barrier to therapeutic agent delivery in the CNS.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on BBB structure and function.
  • Analysis of cellular interactions within the neurovascular unit.

Related Experiment Videos

  • Investigation of molecular pathways regulating tight junctions and transport systems.

    • Main Results:

    • The BBB's restricted permeability, due to tight junctions and metabolic activity, limits CNS drug delivery.
    • BBB breakdown, mediated by inflammatory substances and disease proteins, contributes to CNS pathogenesis.
    • Common intracellular pathways regulate BBB integrity despite diverse disease causes.

    Conclusions:

    • Understanding BBB regulation is crucial for developing therapies to improve its function in health and disease.
    • Targeting tight junction regulation and transport systems offers potential therapeutic strategies for CNS disorders.
    • Further research into BBB mechanisms can overcome challenges in delivering therapeutics to the CNS.