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Severe bronchiolitis and respiratory syncytial virus among young children in Hawaii

Krista L Yorita1, Robert C Holman, Claudia A Steiner

  • 1Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, US Department of Health and Human Services, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. KYorita@cdc.gov

The Pediatric Infectious Disease Journal
|November 29, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Childhood lower respiratory infections like bronchiolitis, RSV, and pneumonia are common. Incidence was highest among Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander infants, indicating a need for targeted public health strategies.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Infectious Diseases
  • Epidemiology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI) are a major global cause of childhood hospitalization and mortality.
  • Severe bronchiolitis, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and pneumonia represent significant pediatric LRTI burdens.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the incidence and epidemiology of severe bronchiolitis, RSV, and pneumonia in children under 5 years old in Hawaii.
  • To identify demographic and temporal patterns of these infections within the Hawaiian pediatric population.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of Hawaii State Inpatient Database from 1997-2004.
  • Inclusion criteria: Hawaii residents younger than 5 years diagnosed with bronchiolitis, RSV, or pneumonia.

Main Results:

  • Average annual incidence rates per 1000 children under 5: bronchiolitis (3.8), RSV (2.7), pneumonia (6.8).
  • Higher incidence in infants (<1 year), boys, and Native Hawaiian/other Pacific Islander children.
  • Peak hospitalizations occurred October-February; estimated annual charges exceeded $11.5 million.

Conclusions:

  • Overall incidence and hospitalization rates for these LRTI in Hawaii children were low compared to the general U.S. population.
  • However, hospitalization rates for Native Hawaiian and other Pacific Islander children were significantly higher than other racial groups.
  • Findings highlight disparities and suggest a need for culturally-tailored public health interventions.
Abstract

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