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Updated: Jul 9, 2026
07:10
In vivo Imaging Method to Distinguish Acute and Chronic Inflammation
Published on: August 16, 2013
[Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in inflammatory process].
Ryszard Rutkowski1, Sławomir A Pancewicz, Krzysztof Rutkowski
1Akademia Medyczna w Białymstoku, Samodzielna Pracownia Diagnostyki Oddechowej i Bronchoskopii. rutkowski@csk.pl
Polski Merkuriusz Lekarski : Organ Polskiego Towarzystwa Lekarskiego
|November 30, 2007
Summary
Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) are vital molecules involved in cellular processes. Their overproduction causes oxidative and nitrosative stress, contributing to diseases like cancer and neurodegeneration.
Area of Science:
- Biochemistry
- Cell Biology
- Molecular Biology
Context:
- Reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species (RNS) are integral to normal cellular metabolism.
- Key ROS include superoxide anion, hydroxyl radical, and hydrogen peroxide; RNS include nitric oxide and peroxynitrite.
Purpose:
- To elucidate the dual role of ROS and RNS in physiological functions and pathological conditions.
- To highlight the mechanisms of ROS/RNS generation, neutralization, and their impact on cellular components.
Summary:
- ROS and RNS are products of normal oxidation, participating in energy generation and signaling.
- They can modify lipids, proteins, and DNA through oxidation, nitration, and nitrosylation.
- Enzymatic and antioxidant systems neutralize ROS/RNS, preventing cellular damage.
Impact:
- Imbalances in ROS/RNS lead to oxidative and nitrosative stress.
- This stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of diverse diseases, including cancer, neurodegenerative disorders, and inflammatory conditions.
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