Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

A Laser-induced Mouse Model of Chronic Ocular Hypertension to Characterize Visual Defects
07:00

A Laser-induced Mouse Model of Chronic Ocular Hypertension to Characterize Visual Defects

Published on: August 14, 2013

Masked hypertension definition, impact, outcomes: a critical review

Dimitris P Papadopoulos1, Thomas K Makris

  • 1Hypertension Clinic, Cardiology Department, Laiko Hospital, Athens, Greece. jimpapdoc@yahoo.com

Journal of Clinical Hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.)
|November 30, 2007
PubMed

Insights

Masked hypertension (MH), where out-of-office blood pressure is high but office readings are normal, affects 1 in 7-8 people. This condition increases cardiovascular risk, necessitating out-of-office BP monitoring.

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Hypertension Research
  • Preventive Medicine

Background:

  • Masked hypertension (MH) is characterized by normal office blood pressure (<140/90 mm Hg) but elevated out-of-office readings.
  • MH affects approximately 1 in 7 to 8 individuals with seemingly normal or controlled office blood pressure.
  • Its prevalence is comparable to isolated office hypertension, highlighting a significant unmet clinical need.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To define masked hypertension (MH).
  • To describe the prevalence of MH in the general population.
  • To explore the association between MH and cardiovascular events.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of studies defining MH and its prevalence.
  • Analysis of factors influencing MH, including stress and lifestyle.
  • Examination of outcome studies correlating MH with cardiovascular complications.

Main Results:

  • Individuals with MH exhibit increased prevalence of organ damage, including metabolic risk factors, left ventricular mass, and carotid intima-media thickness.
  • MH is associated with a cardiovascular risk comparable to sustained office and out-of-office hypertension.
  • Behavioral factors like smoking, alcohol, and sedentary habits can influence MH development.

Conclusions:

  • The high prevalence of MH underscores the importance of out-of-office blood pressure measurement.
  • MH is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular complications, similar to sustained hypertension.
  • Screening for MH is crucial in individuals at high risk for cardiovascular disease, such as those with kidney disease or diabetes.

More Related Videos

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents10:10

Full-Circle Cauterization of Limbal Vascular Plexus for Surgically Induced Glaucoma in Rodents

Published on: February 15, 2022

Laser Capture Microdissection of Highly Pure Trabecular Meshwork from Mouse Eyes for Gene Expression Analysis13:47

Laser Capture Microdissection of Highly Pure Trabecular Meshwork from Mouse Eyes for Gene Expression Analysis

Published on: June 3, 2018

Related Concept Videos

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies01:30

Hypertension III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnostic Studies

Hypertension is asymptomatic and also referred to as the "silent killer" until it progresses to a severe stage or causes target organ disease. Patients may experience symptoms stemming from the strain on blood vessels and tissues in various organs or the heart's increased workload.Physical exams might show no abnormalities other than high blood pressure. Signs of vascular damage, when present, correspond to the organs supplied by the affected vessels, leading to target organ damage. For...
Glaucoma: Overview01:25

Glaucoma: Overview

Glaucoma is an eye condition characterized by increased intraocular pressure that damages the retina and optic nerve, leading to irreversible blindness if left untreated. The human eye has various components, including the cornea, iris, pupil, lens, and optic nerve. Aqueous humor is secreted by the epithelium of the ciliary body in the posterior chamber and flows through the trabecular meshwork and canal of Schlemm, maintaining normal intraocular pressure. The trabecular meshwork and the canal...
Hypertension I: Introduction01:28

Hypertension I: Introduction

Hypertension is a widespread, long-term medical condition where blood pressure in the arteries remains elevated. It is characterized by systolic blood pressure readings of 130 mm Hg or above or diastolic blood pressure (DBP) readings of 80 mm Hg or higher. Unmanaged hypertension poses significant health risks, making the distinction between primary (or essential) hypertension and secondary hypertension crucial, as their management and implications vary.Primary HypertensionPrimary hypertension,...
Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment01:27

Open Angle Glaucoma: Treatment

In open-angle glaucoma, the iridocorneal angle remains open, but the trabecular meshwork becomes stiff, slowing down the outflow of aqueous humor. This causes a buildup of aqueous humor in the anterior chamber, leading to a sudden increase in intraocular pressure. The treatment for open-angle glaucoma focuses on reducing the elevated intraocular pressure by either decreasing the secretion of aqueous humor or increasing its outflow.
Drugs such as carbonic anhydrase inhibitors, α2- and...
Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure01:18

Hypertension and Regulation of Blood Pressure

Hypertension, the most common cardiovascular disease, is diagnosed through repeated measurements of elevated blood pressure. Its risks, including damage to the kidney, heart, and brain, are directly proportional to blood pressure levels. Starting from 115/75 mm Hg, the risk of cardiovascular disease doubles with each increment of 20/10 mm Hg. The diagnosis relies on blood pressure measurements, not on patient symptoms, as hypertension is often asymptomatic until end-organ damage is imminent or...
Hypertension II: Pathophysiology01:29

Hypertension II: Pathophysiology

Hypertension is a chronic condition in which the blood's force against artery walls is excessively high, posing risks such as heart disease. The condition's underlying mechanisms involve complex interactions among the cardiovascular, kidney, and autonomic nervous systems.Renin-Angiotensin-Aldosterone System (RAAS): This system significantly influences blood pressure regulation. When blood pressure decreases, the kidneys secrete renin. This enzyme transforms angiotensinogen, a plasma protein,...