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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts
07:56

Scanning Skeletal Remains for Bone Mineral Density in Forensic Contexts

Published on: January 29, 2018

Detecting reduced bone mineral density from dental radiographs using statistical shape models.

P Danny Allen1, Jim Graham, Damian J J Farnell

  • 1Division of Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK. philip.allen@manchester.ac.uk

IEEE Transactions on Information Technology in Biomedicine : a Publication of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society
|December 1, 2007
PubMed
Summary

A new method uses dental panoramic tomograms (DPTs) to automatically measure mandibular bone width, effectively estimating bone mineral density (BMD) and aiding in osteoporosis detection.

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Area of Science:

  • Dentistry
  • Radiology
  • Osteoporosis Research

Background:

  • Reduced bone mineral density (BMD) is a significant health concern, often diagnosed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA).
  • Previous research indicated that manual measurements of the inferior mandibular cortex width on dental panoramic tomograms (DPTs) can predict BMD.
  • A need exists for more automated, reliable, and accessible methods for BMD estimation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel, automated method for estimating BMD using DPTs.
  • To assess the correlation between automatically measured mandibular cortical width and BMD.
  • To evaluate the diagnostic performance of this method for identifying osteopenia and osteoporosis.

Main Methods:

  • An active shape model (ASM) search was implemented for automatic measurement of the inferior mandibular cortex width on 132 DPTs from female subjects with established BMD.
  • The automated measurements were compared with manual measurements and validated against DXA-derived BMD.
  • Receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) analysis was used to determine the diagnostic accuracy for osteopenia and osteoporosis.

Main Results:

  • The automated width measurements showed a significant correlation with BMD, outperforming manual measurements in terms of variability.
  • The optimal correlation was found in the lateral region of the mandible, a novel finding compared to previous manual methods.
  • An Area Under the Curve (AUC) of 0.71 was achieved for identifying osteopenia with minimal interaction ASM search, and an AUC of 0.81 for detecting osteoporosis using an independent test set.

Conclusions:

  • Automated measurement of mandibular cortical width from DPTs is a feasible and reliable method for estimating BMD.
  • This technique offers a promising, non-invasive approach for screening and early detection of osteopenia and osteoporosis.
  • The developed method demonstrates potential for widespread clinical application in dental and medical settings.