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Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Handwriting Analysis Indicates Spontaneous Dyskinesias in Neuroleptic Naïve Adolescents at High Risk for Psychosis
Published on: November 21, 2013
[Schizophrenic patient's constant refusal of psychotropic medication--case report and psychodynamic remarks]
Sławomir Murawiec1, Cezary Zechowski
1III Klinika Psychiatryczna IPiN w Warszawie.
Aim:
The aim of the study was the description of defence mechanisms, phantasies and object relations in a non-compliant patient with schizophrenia, who many times had refused using antipsychotic drugs in spite of symptom improvement.
Method:
Psychodynamic analysis of the case.
Conclusions:
Mental functioning of the patient based on a narcissistic type of relation, massive primitive defence mechanisms, especially splitting, 'no entry defence' and omnipotent denial. The authors described the influence of these factors on the efficacy of psychotropic medication and compliance of patient.
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