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Preparation and In Vitro Characterization of Dendrimer-based Contrast Agents for Magnetic Resonance Imaging

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Dendrimer molecules with record large two-photon absorption cross section.

M Drobizhev, A Karotki, A Rebane

|December 1, 2007

Summary

Researchers achieved a record high two-photon absorption (TPA) cross section in a novel dendrimer molecule. This breakthrough in molecular design suggests potential for even greater TPA values in future, higher-generation dendrimers.

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Area of Science:

Photochemistry
Materials Science
Molecular Engineering

Background:

Two-photon absorption (TPA) is a crucial photophysical process with applications in areas like 3D microfabrication and photodynamic therapy.
Dendrimers, with their branched, tree-like structures, offer a versatile platform for designing molecules with enhanced optical properties.
Previous research has focused on optimizing chromophore structures for improved TPA, but controlling TPA through molecular architecture is an emerging area.

Purpose of the Study:

To report a record-breaking intrinsic two-photon absorption (TPA) cross section in a novel dendrimer.
To investigate the relationship between dendrimer generation and TPA efficiency.
To explore the potential for further enhancement of TPA properties in higher-generation dendrimers.

Main Methods:

Synthesis of a new dendrimer molecule composed of 29 repeat units of a 4,4'-bis(diphenylamino)stilbene chromophore.
Measurement of the intrinsic TPA cross section (sigma(2)) using femtosecond laser pulses.
Characterization of TPA dependence on excitation wavelength across three consecutive dendrimer generations.

Main Results:

A record intrinsic TPA cross section of sigma(2) = 11 x 10(-47) cm(4) s molecule(-1) was achieved.
The maximum sigma(2) value increased at a rate exceeding the total number of stilbene chromophores with increasing dendrimer generation.
This non-linear scaling indicates cooperative effects within the dendrimer structure.

Conclusions:

The synthesized dendrimer represents a significant advancement in TPA materials.
Molecular architecture plays a critical role in enhancing TPA properties, offering advantages over simply increasing chromophore numbers.
Higher generations of this dendrimer family hold promise for achieving even larger TPA cross sections.