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Related Concept Videos

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology01:07

Intestinal Obstruction II: Pathophysiology

Intestinal obstruction triggers a series of physiological responses, starting with gas and fluid accumulation in the bowel segment proximal to the obstruction, leading to distension. This distended intestine compresses the diaphragm, hindering lung expansion and potentially leading to reduced respiratory effort, atelectasis, and pneumonia.To overcome the blockage, the gut intensifies contractions, causing colicky abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting, which reduces fluid and food intake and...
Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction01:29

Intestinal Obstruction I: Introduction

Intestinal obstruction is a partial or complete blockage of the small or large intestine that disrupts the normal flow of intestinal contents through the lumen. This interruption impairs digestion, absorption, and fluid balance, and may lead to serious complications if not treated promptly.Mechanical ObstructionMechanical obstruction occurs when a physical blockage prevents intestinal contents from passing, arising from within the lumen or the bowel wall, or from external compression.Adhesions,...
Appendicitis01:19

Appendicitis

Appendicitis is an acute inflammatory condition of the vermiform appendix, most commonly caused by obstruction of its lumen. The appendix is a narrow, blind-ended pouch that extends from the cecum, making it particularly prone to obstruction. Causes include fecaliths, lymphoid hyperplasia (often after viral infections), parasites, tumors, or foreign bodies. This obstruction initiates a cascade of pathological changes.Luminal Obstruction and Early InflammationAfter obstruction, normal mucosal...
Appendicitis-I: Introduction01:22

Appendicitis-I: Introduction

The appendix, a small, narrow, blind tube extending from the inferior part of the cecum, is widely regarded as a vestigial organ, having lost much of its original function through evolution. Despite its diminished role, the appendix can become inflamed, a condition known as appendicitis.
Etiology: Appendicitis can arise from various causes, primarily rooted in the obstruction of the appendix lumen. Factors contributing to this obstruction include fecal accumulation, lymphoid hyperplasia and, in...
Pressure Relationships in Thoracic Cavity01:24

Pressure Relationships in Thoracic Cavity

Breathing, otherwise known as pulmonary ventilation, is the process of air movement into and out of the lungs. The main mechanisms propelling pulmonary ventilation are atmospheric pressure (Patm), intra-pulmonary (Ppul ) or intra-alveolar pressure (Palv) within the alveoli, and intrapleural pressure (Pip) within the pleural cavity.
Breathing Mechanisms
Both intra-alveolar and intrapleural pressures rely on specific lung properties. The ability to breathe—allowing air to enter the lungs during...
Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management01:21

Inflammatory Bowel Disease V: Surgical Management

Surgical interventions for inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), which includes ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease, are essential in managing symptoms and addressing complications. The selection of surgical procedures is contingent upon the specific conditions and complications that stem from these illnesses.
Here are some common surgical interventions for IBD:

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Postoperative Ileus Murine Model
04:26

Postoperative Ileus Murine Model

Published on: July 12, 2024

[Intraperitoneal pressure in acute small bowel obstruction].

V N Dolishniĭ, M Iu Shigaev

    Vestnik Khirurgii Imeni I. I. Grekova
    |December 7, 2007
    PubMed
    Summary

    Intraperitoneal pressure (IPP) in acute small bowel obstruction (ASBO) can indicate the need for surgery. High IPP levels above 100 mm H2O suggest operative treatment is necessary, while levels over 30 mm H2O post-surgery indicate complications.

    Area of Science:

    • Gastroenterology
    • Surgical Sciences
    • Critical Care Medicine

    Context:

    • Acute small bowel obstruction (ASBO) is a common surgical emergency.
    • Intraperitoneal pressure (IPP) monitoring is crucial for managing ASBO patients.
    • Understanding IPP dynamics aids in treatment decisions and complication detection.

    Purpose:

    • To investigate the relationship between intraperitoneal pressure (IPP) and acute small bowel obstruction (ASBO).
    • To establish thresholds for IPP that indicate operative intervention or postoperative complications.
    • To assess the prognostic value of IPP in ASBO patients.

    Summary:

    • This study analyzed IPP in 50 ASBO patients using nasogastral probes.
    • Two groups were identified: high IPP (median 124 mm H2O) and low IPP (median 35 mm H2O).

    Related Experiment Videos

    Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

    Postoperative Ileus Murine Model
    04:26

    Postoperative Ileus Murine Model

    Published on: July 12, 2024

  • An IPP level over 100 mm H2O at admittance suggests operative treatment. Postoperative IPP above 30 mm H2O indicates complications.

    • Impact:

    • Elevated IPP increases patient lethality risk.
    • Postoperative IPP below 10 mm H2O by day 2 suggests an uncomplicated recovery.
    • IPP measurement provides a valuable tool for guiding ASBO management and predicting outcomes.