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Related Concept Videos

Aromatic Compounds: Overview01:25

Aromatic Compounds: Overview

In general, the term ‘aromatic’ indicates a pleasant smell or fragrance from fresh flowers, freshly prepared coffee, etc. In the early history of organic chemistry, many benzene derivatives were isolated from the pleasant odor oils of the plants. For example, vanillin was isolated from the oil of vanilla, methyl salicylate from the oil of wintergreen, and cinnamaldehyde from the oil of cinnamon. They all had a pleasant odor; hence the name aromatic was given.
In 1825, Faraday isolated benzene...
Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines01:10

Nomenclature of Aryl and Heterocyclic Amines

The simplest aromatic amine is phenylamine, which contains an –NH2 functionality directly attached to an aromatic ring. The name aniline is designated for this skeleton. As shown in Figure 1, the common names of the functionalized anilines involve prefixes ortho-, meta-, and para- to indicate the substitution position. Different functionalized aniline derivatives also have notable trivial names.
Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Aryldiazonium Salts: Aromatic SN101:14

Nucleophilic Aromatic Substitution of Aryldiazonium Salts: Aromatic SN1

Treating arylamines with nitrous acid gives aryldiazonium salts that are effective substrates in nucleophilic aromatic substitution reactions. The diazonio group in these salts can be easily displaced by different nucleophiles, yielding a wide variety of substituted benzenes. The leaving group departs as nitrogen gas, and this easy elimination is the driving force for the substitution reaction.
In the Sandmeyer reaction, for example, the diazonio group is replaced by a chloro, bromo, or cyano...
Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling01:11

Aryldiazonium Salts to Azo Dyes: Diazo Coupling

The reaction of weakly electrophilic aryldiazonium (also called arenediazonium) salts with highly activated aromatic compounds leads to the formation of products with an —N=N— link, called an azo linkage. This reaction, presented in Figure 1, is known as diazo coupling and occurs without the loss of the nitrogen atoms of the aryldiazonium salt. Highly activated aromatic compounds such as phenols or arylamines favor the diazo coupling reaction. The coupling generally occurs at the para position.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Lethality Bioassay Using Artemia salina L.
09:09

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Published on: October 11, 2022

Two novel compounds from Ardisia punctata Lindl.

Chun Li1, Dang-Kun Yue, Peng-Bin Bu

  • 1Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medicine Sciences, Beijing 100700, China. wenyeli@yahoo.com.cn

Yao Xue Xue Bao = Acta Pharmaceutica Sinica
|December 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Researchers identified two novel chemical compounds, a 1,4-benzoquinone derivative and an alkylphenol, from the roots of Ardisia punctata. These new compounds were isolated and structurally elucidated using multi-chromatography and spectral analysis.

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Area of Science:

  • Phytochemistry
  • Natural Product Chemistry
  • Organic Chemistry

Background:

  • Ardisia punctata is a plant species with potential medicinal properties.
  • Investigating the chemical constituents of medicinal plants is crucial for discovering new therapeutic agents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To isolate and characterize novel chemical compounds from the roots of Ardisia punctata.
  • To determine the structures of these isolated compounds using advanced analytical techniques.

Main Methods:

  • Multi-chromatography techniques were employed for compound isolation.
  • Spectral analysis (e.g., NMR, Mass Spectrometry) was used for structure elucidation.
  • Comparison with known compounds aided in structural confirmation.

Main Results:

  • Two new compounds were successfully isolated from the petroleum ether extract of Ardisia punctata roots.
  • Compound 1 was identified as a 1,4-benzoquinone derivative: 2-tridecyl-3-[(2-tridecyl-4-acetoxy-6-methoxy)-phenoxyl] -6-methoxy-1,4-benzoquinone.
  • Compound 2 was identified as an alkylphenol: 2-methoxy-4-hydroxy-6-tridecyl-phenyl acetate.

Conclusions:

  • The study successfully identified and characterized two previously unknown chemical compounds from Ardisia punctata.
  • These findings contribute to the understanding of Ardisia punctata's chemical profile and may offer leads for future research into its bioactivity.