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Related Concept Videos

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention01:30

Acute Kidney Injury IV: Diagnostic Studies and Prevention

Accurate diagnosis and effective prevention are critical in managing Acute Kidney Injury (AKI), which is linked to high mortality rates ranging from 10% to 80%. Timely recognition of at-risk patients and careful monitoring can significantly reduce the likelihood of kidney damage.Diagnostic Assessments:The diagnostic process starts with a comprehensive medical history to identify prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes.Prerenal causes, such as dehydration, hypotension, or blood loss, should...
Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology01:29

Acute Kidney Injury II: Pathophysiology

Acute kidney injury (AKI) causes are categorized into three primary categories based on the location of the injury: prerenal, intrarenal (or intrinsic), and postrenal causes. This classification guides clinical management and illustrates how different pathways can impair kidney function.Etiology and Pathophysiology of Acute Kidney Injury1. Prerenal causesEtiology: Prerenal Acute Kidney Injury, the most common type, occurs when reduced blood flow to the kidneys decreases filtration capacity...
Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction01:22

Acute Kidney Injury I: Introduction

Introduction:Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) describes a swift decrease in kidney function occurring over hours to days, characterized by the kidneys' failure to remove waste products from the bloodstream. This leads to dangerous complications like metabolic acidosis, fluid overload, and electrolyte imbalances, such as hyperkalemia, which can cause life-threatening arrhythmias. AKI is common in both hospital and outpatient settings, often triggered by dehydration, sepsis, or exposure to nephrotoxic...
Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care01:20

Acute Kidney Injury V: Interprofessional Care

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) requires a collaborative healthcare approach to restore renal function and prevent complications. Essential management strategies involve monitoring fluid and electrolyte balance, adjusting medications, initiating dialysis when necessary, and providing nutritional support.Fluid and Electrolyte ManagementFluid Monitoring: Regularly monitoring body weight, central venous pressure, and urine output helps detect fluid imbalances early. Patient intake and output are...
Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations01:29

Acute Kidney Injury III: Clinical Manifestations

Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) progresses through distinct clinical phases: the oliguric, diuretic, and recovery phases, each marked by unique manifestations and challenges.Oliguric Phase:The oliguric phase is the initial stage of AKI, typically lasting 10 to 14 days. This phase is marked by a significant reduction in urine output, usually less than 400 mL per day, indicating decreased kidney function. Fluid retention is a prominent feature, leading to symptoms such as edema, hypertension, and...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Noninvasive and Invasive Renal Hypoxia Monitoring in a Porcine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock
07:48

Noninvasive and Invasive Renal Hypoxia Monitoring in a Porcine Model of Hemorrhagic Shock

Published on: October 28, 2022

[Clinical study on renal trauma].

Hirohito Kobayashi1, Kazuhiko Fujita, Kentaro Imaizumi

  • 1Division of Urology Shizuoka Hospital, Juntendo University school of Medicine.

Hinyokika Kiyo. Acta Urologica Japonica
|December 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary

This study on renal trauma found conservative treatment effective for minor injuries. Early transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) successfully treated severe renal trauma, preserving kidneys and avoiding surgery.

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Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

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A Large Animal Model for Acute Kidney Injury by Temporary Bilateral Renal Artery Occlusion
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Published on: February 2, 2021

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Radiology
  • Trauma Surgery

Context:

  • Renal trauma management presents challenges in balancing organ preservation with effective treatment.
  • The Japanese association for the surgery of trauma classification system aids in stratifying renal injury severity.

Purpose:

  • To evaluate the effectiveness of different treatment modalities for various grades of renal trauma.
  • To assess the role of conservative management and transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in renal trauma.

Summary:

  • A retrospective analysis of 26 renal trauma cases over 7.5 years was conducted, with all patients undergoing computed tomography.
  • Injuries were classified using the Japanese association for the surgery of trauma grading system (Ib, II, IIIa, IIIb, IVa).
  • Conservative treatment was successful for low-grade injuries (Type I and II), while early TAE effectively managed higher-grade injuries (Type IIIa and IIIb), avoiding surgery and preserving renal function.

Impact:

  • Findings suggest that selective transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is a valuable organ-preserving option for moderate to severe renal trauma.
  • This approach can help avoid open surgery, reducing patient morbidity and preserving kidney function in trauma cases.