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Related Concept Videos

T Cell Types and Functions01:24

T Cell Types and Functions

When T cells with CD4 markers are activated, they give rise to two types of effector cells: helper T cells and regulatory T cells. Meanwhile, T cells with CD8 markers differentiate into effector cytotoxic T cells. The differentiation of CD4 T cells into helper T cell subsets, such as Th1, Th2, and Th17 cells, is dependent on the antigen type, antigen-presenting cell, and regulatory cytokines.
Th1 cells stimulate dendritic cells to express necessary co-stimulatory molecules on their surfaces for...
Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens01:31

Defense Against Bacterial Pathogens

The human immune system is a complex network of cells, tissues, and organs that work together to defend the body against bacterial infections. It consists of various immune cells, each playing a specific role in the defense mechanism.
Phagocytes
Phagocytes are the frontline soldiers of the immune system. They include neutrophils and macrophages. Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cell and are quickly mobilized to the site of infection. Macrophages are larger cells that patrol...
Cell-mediated Immune Responses01:40

Cell-mediated Immune Responses

Overview
Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
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Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Mucosal Defense Factors01:24

Pathophysiology of Peptic Ulcer Disease: Mucosal Defense Factors

Peptic ulcer disease, commonly called PUD, represents a multifaceted condition characterized by disruptions in the lining of the gastrointestinal (GI)  tract. Central to the protection of the gastrointestinal lining is the mucosal-bicarbonate barrier. This physiological defense mechanism is a formidable shield against the corrosive effects of gastric acid and pepsin secretion in the stomach. Its role is pivotal in maintaining the structural integrity of the stomach's inner lining. Bicarbonate,...
Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach01:25

Mucosal Barrier of the Stomach

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes
12:59

Isolation and Th17 Differentiation of Naïve CD4 T Lymphocytes

Published on: September 26, 2013

Th17 cells and mucosal host defense.

Shean J Aujla1, Patricia J Dubin, Jay K Kolls

  • 1Division of Pulmonology, Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh and The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.

Seminars in Immunology
|December 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

T helper 17 (Th17) cells are crucial for fighting extracellular bacteria but may worsen tissue damage in chronic biofilm infections like cystic fibrosis. Their role in host defense against intracellular pathogens is limited.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • T helper 17 (Th17) cells represent a distinct T-cell lineage regulated by RORgammat.
  • These cells produce effector molecules such as Interleukin-17A (IL-17A), IL-17F, IL-22, and IL-26.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the role of Th17 cells and their associated cytokines in host defense mechanisms.
  • To investigate the dual role of Th17 cells in combating extracellular pathogens versus contributing to tissue injury in chronic infections.

Main Methods:

  • The study focuses on the molecular regulation and effector functions of Th17 cells, including transcription factor control (RORgammat) and cytokine production.
  • It examines the involvement of key cytokines like IL-17A, IL-17F, IL-22, and IL-23, and their receptor IL-17RA.
  • Comparative analysis with T helper 1 (Th1) cell responses against intracellular bacteria (e.g., Mycobacterium tuberculosis) is implied.

Main Results:

  • Th17 cells are vital for host defense against extracellular bacteria by managing neutrophil recruitment and granulopoiesis via IL-17RA.
  • IL-17 and IL-22 secreted by Th17 cells enhance antimicrobial protein production in mucosal epithelia.
  • While crucial for extracellular pathogen defense, Th17 cells show limited efficacy against intracellular bacteria like Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Conclusions:

  • The Th17 lineage plays a predominant role in host defense against extracellular pathogens.
  • In chronic biofilm infections, such as those seen in cystic fibrosis and bronchiectasis, Th17 cells may significantly contribute to tissue damage.
  • Understanding the specific roles of Th17 cells is critical for developing targeted therapies for infectious and inflammatory diseases.