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Related Concept Videos

Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
Regulated Protein Degradation02:58

Regulated Protein Degradation

It is vital to regulate the activity of enzymatic as well as non-enzymatic proteins inside the cell. This can be achieved either through creating a balance between their rate of synthesis and degradation or regulating the intrinsic activity of the protein. Both these regulation mechanisms play an essential role in the normal functioning of cells.
Protein degradation plays two important roles in the cells. It helps to protect cells from misfolded or damaged proteins before they lead to a...
Proteins: From Genes to Degradation02:11

Proteins: From Genes to Degradation

Within a biological system, the DNA encodes the RNA, and the nucleotide sequence in the RNA further defines the amino acid sequence in the protein. This is referred to as “The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology” - a term coined by Francis Crick.  Central dogma is a firm principle in biology that defines the flow of genetic information within any life form. The two fundamental steps in central dogma are - transcription and translation.
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA molecules by RNA...
Proteins: From Genes to Degradation02:11

Proteins: From Genes to Degradation

Within a biological system, the DNA encodes the RNA, and the nucleotide sequence in the RNA further defines the amino acid sequence in the protein. This is referred to as “The Central Dogma of Molecular Biology” - a term coined by Francis Crick.  Central dogma is a firm principle in biology that defines the flow of genetic information within any life form. The two fundamental steps in central dogma are - transcription and translation.
Transcription is the synthesis of RNA molecules by RNA...
Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response01:31

Regulation of the Unfolded Protein Response

Inositol-requiring kinase one or IRE1 is the most conserved eukaryotic unfolded protein response (UPR) receptor. It is a type I transmembrane protein kinase receptor with a distinctive site-specific RNase activity. As the binding mechanics of the misfolded proteins with the N-terminal domain of IRE-1 are unclear, three binding models — direct, indirect, and allosteric -- are proposed for receptor activation. Nevertheless, it is known that once a misfolded protein associates with IRE1, it...
The Proteasome01:13

The Proteasome

Eukaryotic cells can degrade proteins through several pathways. One of the most important among these is the ubiquitin-proteasome pathway. It helps the cell eliminate the misfolded, damaged, or unwarranted cytoplasmic proteins in a highly specific manner.
In this pathway, the target proteins are first tagged with small proteins called ubiquitin. This involves participation of a series of enzymes including— E1 (ubiquitin-activating enzyme), E2 (ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme), and E3 (ubiquitin...

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Revealing the Ferroptotic Phenotype of Medulloblastoma
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FoxO3 controls dangerous proteolytic liaisons.

Didier Attaix1, Daniel Bechet

  • 1Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique, UMR1019, Proteolysis Group, 63122 Ceyrat, France. attaix@clermont.inra.fr

Cell Metabolism
|December 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Forkhead box O3 (FoxO3) controls muscle wasting by regulating the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy. New research shows FoxO3 coordinates autophagy in muscle atrophy, revealing a key mechanism in muscle wasting.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cellular Biology
  • Muscle Physiology

Background:

  • Muscle wasting, or atrophy, is a significant health concern associated with various diseases.
  • The ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and autophagy are major cellular pathways involved in protein degradation.
  • Forkhead box O3 (FoxO3) is a transcription factor known to regulate UPS components.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of FoxO3 in the regulation of autophagy-related genes.
  • To provide direct evidence for FoxO3's involvement in muscle atrophy.
  • To elucidate the coordinated role of autophagy in muscle wasting.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of gene transcription related to autophagy.
  • Investigating the regulatory function of FoxO3 in muscle cells.
  • Comparative studies on muscle wasting models.

Main Results:

  • FoxO3 directly regulates the transcription of autophagy-related genes.
  • This regulation by FoxO3 is implicated in the process of muscle atrophy.
  • The findings provide the first direct evidence for a coordinated role of autophagy in muscle wasting.

Conclusions:

  • FoxO3 plays a critical role in coordinating both the ubiquitin-proteasome system and autophagy in muscle.
  • Targeting FoxO3 may offer therapeutic strategies for mitigating muscle wasting.
  • This study enhances the understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying muscle atrophy.