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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents
06:55

An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents

Published on: December 2, 2015

Acute deviations from long-term trait depressive symptoms predict systemic inflammatory activity.

Nicolas Rohleder1, Gregory E Miller

  • 1Department of Psychology, University of British Columbia, 2136 West Mall, Vancouver, BC, Canada. nicolasrohleder@mac.com

Brain, Behavior, and Immunity
|December 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Short-term depressed mood, not long-term, stimulates inflammation (interleukin-6) in young women. This suggests rapid inflammatory responses to stress, not chronic allostatic issues, are key.

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents
06:55

An Unpredictable Chronic Mild Stress Protocol for Instigating Depressive Symptoms, Behavioral Changes and Negative Health Outcomes in Rodents

Published on: December 2, 2015

Area of Science:

  • Psychoneuroimmunology
  • Cardiovascular Disease Research
  • Inflammation Biology

Background:

  • Depressive symptoms are linked to increased coronary heart disease risk.
  • Systemic inflammation is a proposed mechanism connecting depression and heart disease.
  • Previous studies show higher inflammatory mediators in dysphoric individuals, but the role of mood duration is unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether long-term (trait) or short-term (state) depressive symptoms are associated with systemic inflammation.
  • To examine the relationship between mood changes and inflammatory mediators like IL-6 and CRP in young women.

Main Methods:

  • 65 young women provided weekly depressive symptom ratings (CES-D) for 20 weeks.
  • Plasma levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were measured.
  • State and trait indicators of depressed mood were derived from CES-D scores.

Main Results:

  • Trait depressive symptoms showed no association with IL-6 or CRP levels.
  • State depressive symptoms were significantly associated with changes in IL-6, but not CRP.
  • The association between state mood and IL-6 was strongest when mood disparity (current vs. trait) was considered.

Conclusions:

  • State, rather than trait, depressed mood stimulates peripheral inflammation (IL-6) in young women.
  • This suggests IL-6 responds to short-term fluctuations, possibly related to stress responses.
  • Findings indicate short-term mood states, not chronic dysregulation, may drive inflammation in this demographic.