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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification01:25

Cardiomyopathy I: Introduction and Classification

Cardiomyopathy, or CMP, is a group of diseases affecting the myocardial structure, impairing its ability to pump blood effectively. This condition can lead to arrhythmias, heart failure, or sudden cardiac death.Cardiomyopathies are classified into primary and secondary categories:Primary Cardiomyopathy refers to conditions involving only the heart muscle that are often idiopathic (of unknown cause) or genetic. They primarily affect the myocardium without the involvement of other systemic...
Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation01:25

Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation

Auscultation, an essential part of a heart examination, is done using a stethoscope. It provides crucial information about heart function and possible heart problems. Due to heart problems, abnormal sounds can be heard during systole or diastole. These sounds include S3 and S4 gallops, opening snaps, systolic clicks, and murmurs.
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Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
Dysrhythmias V: Evaluating Dysrhythmias01:30

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Dysrhythmias, also known as arrhythmias, are disturbances in the heart's rhythm that range from benign to life-threatening. A thorough evaluation is crucial for appropriate management and involves a comprehensive medical history, physical examination, and various diagnostic tests.Medical HistorySymptoms: Collect detailed information on palpitations, dizziness, syncope, chest pain, and fatigue. Note their onset, frequency, and triggers.Previous Cardiac Issues: Document any history of heart...
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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...

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Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure
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Published on: February 8, 2022

Cardiovocal syndrome: a systematic review.

Siva K Mulpuru1, Balendu C Vasavada, Gopi K Punukollu

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Long Island College Hospital, Brooklyn, NY, USA.

Heart, Lung & Circulation
|December 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Ortner's syndrome, or cardiovocal syndrome, links hoarseness to heart conditions like mitral stenosis. This study classifies causes, explains the pathophysiology, and discusses treatment for this nerve palsy.

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Published on: December 1, 2023

Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Neurology
  • Otorhinolaryngology

Background:

  • Ortner's syndrome, first described in relation to mitral stenosis, involves hoarseness due to left recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy.
  • This condition, also known as cardiovocal syndrome, has been linked to various cardiopulmonary diseases over the past century.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To classify the diverse predisposing conditions associated with Ortner's syndrome.
  • To elucidate the underlying pathophysiology of cardiovocal syndrome.
  • To outline available treatment strategies for patients affected by this condition.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of historical and contemporary cases linking cardiopulmonary conditions to recurrent laryngeal nerve palsy.
  • Analysis of pathophysiological mechanisms involving cardiac enlargement and nerve compression.
  • Synthesis of treatment approaches reported in medical literature.

Main Results:

  • Identification of a range of cardiopulmonary diseases, beyond mitral stenosis, that can precipitate Ortner's syndrome.
  • Detailed explanation of how cardiac pathologies can lead to left recurrent laryngeal nerve compression and vocal cord paralysis.
  • Overview of treatment options, often involving management of the primary cardiac condition.

Conclusions:

  • Ortner's syndrome encompasses a spectrum of cardiovocal presentations linked to various cardiac and pulmonary conditions.
  • Understanding the pathophysiology is crucial for accurate diagnosis and effective management.
  • Multidisciplinary approaches are often necessary for optimal patient outcomes.