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Related Concept Videos

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination02:45

Blood Transfusion and Agglutination

Blood transfusion is a therapeutic measure to restore the blood volume after extensive blood loss due to an accident or a medical procedure. Blood transfusion involves drawing a certain amount of blood from a suitable donor and infusing it into the recipient.
History
The history of blood transfusion dates back to the 17th century, when early attempts were made in animals. In 1818 James Blundell, a British doctor, performed the first successful human blood transfusion. Later in 1900, Karl...
Hematopoiesis01:21

Hematopoiesis

The process of blood cell formation is called hematopoiesis. Hematopoiesis starts early during development, on the seventh day of embryogenesis. This phase of hematopoiesis is called the primitive wave, wherein the extraembryonic yolk sac allows the production of erythroid cells and endothelial cells from a common precursor called hemangioblast. The erythroid cells provide oxygen to support the growth of the rapidly dividing embryo. Hemangioblasts later develop into hematopoietic stem cells or...
Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells01:01

Regulation of Hematopoietic Stem Cells

All blood and immune cells are produced from the multipotent hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs) by the process of hematopoiesis. However, they all have a limited life span. In addition, many are depleted in immune surveillance or combatting an injury or infection. This makes blood one of the most regenerative tissues. Hematopoiesis helps replenish these blood and immune cells, restoring the body's normal functioning. However, overproduction of blood and immune cells can make them cancerous or...
Overview of Hematopoiesis01:20

Overview of Hematopoiesis

Hematopoiesis, or blood cell production, is a vital biological process that begins early in embryonic development and continues throughout life. This process generates the various types of cells found in blood, including red blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets from hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs).
Developmental Phases of Hematopoiesis
Initially, HSCs are formed in the embryonic yolk sac, a critical site for early blood cell production. These stem cells subsequently migrate to other...
Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors01:28

Role of Hematopoietic Growth Factors

Hematopoietic growth factors are molecules that regulate the differentiation rate of hematopoietic stem cells (HSCs). Erythropoietin (EPO), primarily produced by the kidneys, plays a crucial role in erythrocyte production. When oxygen levels in the blood are low, EPO is released into the bloodstream, reaching the bone marrow, where it stimulates HSCs to differentiate and mature into erythrocytes, which are vital for oxygen transport.
Thrombopoietin (TPO), mainly released by the liver,...
Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants01:22

Bone Marrow Sampling and Transplants

Bone marrow transplant is a potential cure for several diseases, including cancer and specific genetic disorders. Notably, this procedure is applicable for patients suffering from aplastic anemia, certain types of leukemia, severe combined immunodeficiency disease (SCID), Hodgkin's disease, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, thalassemia, sickle-cell disease, and certain cancers.
The transplant begins with high doses of chemotherapy and radiation treatment, which aim to destroy the...

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 28, 2026

Detection of Residual Donor Erythroid Progenitor Cells after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Hemoglobinopathies
11:59

Detection of Residual Donor Erythroid Progenitor Cells after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Hemoglobinopathies

Published on: September 6, 2017

Developments in modern hematology.

O Vos1, R E Ploemacher

  • 1Department of Cell Biology II, Erasmus University Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Bollettino Della Societa Italiana Di Biologia Sperimentale
|May 1, 1991
PubMed
Summary

Discoveries in hematopoietic stem cell biology have advanced dramatically. Research shows primitive stem cells engraft long-term, with daughter cells differentiating into specific lineages, supported by growth factors and microenvironments.

Area of Science:

  • Hematology
  • Stem Cell Biology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • Concepts of hematopoiesis have evolved significantly over 40 years.
  • Early research identified spleen colony forming cells (CFU-S) as hematopoietic stem cells.
  • Subsequent studies revealed a heterogeneous stem cell compartment with primitive cells capable of long-term engraftment.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the dramatic changes in understanding hemopoiesis.
  • To highlight the role of primitive stem cells and their differentiation.
  • To discuss the impact of growth factors and the bone marrow microenvironment.

Main Methods:

  • Review of historical bone marrow transplantation experiments in mice.
  • Analysis of in vitro culture techniques for hematopoietic growth factors.

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Application of Aorta-gonad-mesonephros Explant Culture System in Developmental Hematopoiesis
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Application of Aorta-gonad-mesonephros Explant Culture System in Developmental Hematopoiesis

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Simultaneous Assessment of Kinship, Division Number, and Phenotype via Flow Cytometry for Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
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Simultaneous Assessment of Kinship, Division Number, and Phenotype via Flow Cytometry for Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells

Published on: March 24, 2023

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Last Updated: Jul 28, 2026

Detection of Residual Donor Erythroid Progenitor Cells after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Hemoglobinopathies
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Detection of Residual Donor Erythroid Progenitor Cells after Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Patients with Hemoglobinopathies

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Application of Aorta-gonad-mesonephros Explant Culture System in Developmental Hematopoiesis
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Application of Aorta-gonad-mesonephros Explant Culture System in Developmental Hematopoiesis

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Simultaneous Assessment of Kinship, Division Number, and Phenotype via Flow Cytometry for Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells
10:20

Simultaneous Assessment of Kinship, Division Number, and Phenotype via Flow Cytometry for Hematopoietic Stem and Progenitor Cells

Published on: March 24, 2023

  • Investigation of the role of the bone marrow microenvironment in long-term cultures.

    • Main Results:

    • Primitive hematopoietic stem cells possess long-term engraftment potential.
    • Stem cell differentiation involves gradual loss of self-generation capacity.
    • Hematopoietic growth factors, producible via recombinant DNA techniques, are crucial for cell maintenance and differentiation.
    • The bone marrow microenvironment, including stromal cells and extracellular matrix, is essential for regulating hematopoiesis.

    Conclusions:

    • Hematopoiesis research has undergone a paradigm shift, revealing complex regulatory mechanisms.
    • Bone marrow transplantation and growth factor therapies have established clinical applications.
    • Ongoing research continues to expand therapeutic possibilities for modulating hematopoiesis.