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Related Concept Videos

Cancer02:18

Cancer

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Cancers arise due to mutations in genes involved in the regulation of cell division, which leads to unrestricted cell proliferation. Modern science and medicine have made great strides in the understanding and treatment of cancer, including eradicating cancer in some patients. However, there is still no cure for cancer. This is largely due to the fact that cancer is a large group of many diseases.
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What is Cancer?02:12

What is Cancer?

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Cells and tissues must meticulously coordinate their activities for the normal functioning of the human body. Therefore, they exhibit socially responsible behavior - resting, growing, dividing, differentiating, or dying - for the organism’s benefit. Cancer arises when cells divide uncontrollably and invade other tissues or organs.
Although people have known about cancer for centuries, it was only in 1761 that Giovanni Morgagni of Padua performed a detailed autopsy of...
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Epithelial Tissues and Their Functions01:23

Epithelial Tissues and Their Functions

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Epithelial tissues are large sheets of cells covering all of the surfaces of the body. These surfaces can be internal or external, for example, skin, airways, the digestive tract, the urinary system, and the reproductive system. Hollow organs and body cavities that do not connect to the body's exterior, including blood vessels and serous membranes, are lined by epithelial tissue known as the endothelium.
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Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Overview01:22

Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Overview

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Epithelial tissues are classified according to the shape of the cells and the number of cell layers formed. Cell shapes can be squamous (flattened and thin), cuboidal (square-like, as wide as it is tall), or columnar (rectangular, taller than it is wide). Additionally, the nucleus shape helps identify the type of epithelial cells. Squamous cells have flattened disc-shaped nuclei, cuboidal cells have spherical nuclei, and columnar cells have elongated nuclei.
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Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Stratified Epithelium01:29

Classification of Epithelial Tissues: Stratified Epithelium

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Stratified epithelium consists of several stacked layers of cells. They provide the durability to withstand constant physical and chemical attacks. Stratified epithelium is named after the shape of the most apical layer of cells. Stratified squamous epithelium is the most common type found in the human body. In this tissue, the apical cells are squamous, whereas the basal layer contains either columnar or cuboidal cells. The basal cells divide to form new daughter cells, which gradually become...
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Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity01:26

Antigens Involved in Adaptive Immunity

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An antigen is any substance the immune system identifies as foreign and potentially harmful to the body, prompting an immune response. Antigens have two functional properties: immunogenicity and reactivity. Immunogenicity is the ability of an antigen to stimulate a specific immune response. At the same time, reactivity describes the antigen's ability to react with the cells and antibodies produced in response to it.
Complete Antigens
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 15, 2026

Heterotypic Three-dimensional In Vitro Modeling of Stromal-Epithelial Interactions During Ovarian Cancer Initiation and Progression
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Heterotypic Three-dimensional In Vitro Modeling of Stromal-Epithelial Interactions During Ovarian Cancer Initiation and Progression

Published on: August 28, 2012

IL-6 involvement in epithelial cancers.

Zachary T Schafer1, Joan S Brugge

  • 1Department of Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.

The Journal of Clinical Investigation
|December 7, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Interleukin-6 (IL-6) plays a key role in breast and lung cancer. New research shows IL-6 instigates malignant properties in breast cancer stem cells and is induced by EGFR mutations in lung adenocarcinomas.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The inflammatory cytokine Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is implicated in various cancers.
  • Understanding the specific roles of IL-6 in different cancer types is crucial for developing targeted therapies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of IL-6 in the development and progression of breast and lung cancer.
  • To identify mechanisms by which IL-6 exerts its effects in cancer stem cells and lung adenocarcinomas.

Main Methods:

  • The studies analyzed the function of IL-6 in breast cancer stem cells.
  • Researchers identified epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) variants as inducers of IL-6 in lung adenocarcinomas.

Main Results:

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  • IL-6 was implicated in instigating malignant properties in breast cancer stem cells.
  • Mutant EGFR variants were identified as significant inducers of IL-6 in lung adenocarcinomas.

    • Conclusions:

    • IL-6 is a key mediator in the pathogenesis of both breast and lung cancers.
    • These findings support the investigation of IL-6-targeted chemotherapeutics for cancer treatment.