Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Menses Phase

Menses Phase

The uterine cycle begins with the menstrual phase, which is considered day one of the cycle and typically lasts about five days. This phase is characterized by the degeneration and shedding of the stratum functionalis, the functional layer of the endometrium.
When fertilization does not occur, the corpus luteum deteriorates, causing a significant drop in the levels of estrogen and progesterone in the body. This hormonal decrease triggers the release of prostaglandins, which cause the uterine...

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

Disorders of the Female Reproductive System

The female reproductive system can be affected by several disorders, including Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS), Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder (PMDD), endometriosis, and various forms of cancer. PMS and PMDD are cyclical conditions that cause physical and emotional distress, with symptoms that include edema, mood swings, and food cravings. PMDD is a more severe form of PMS characterized by increased symptom severity that peaks during the luteal phase and tends to improve or resolve shortly after...

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

Hormonal Regulation of the Menstrual Cycle

The ovarian cycle regulates endometrial changes throughout a single menstrual cycle via the coordinated action of gonadotrophin-releasing hormone (GnRH) and gonadotrophins.
At puberty, GnRH begins a pulsatile release pattern, which triggers the anterior pituitary gland to secrete follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) and luteinizing hormone (LH). The frequency and amplitude of GnRH pulses vary across the menstrual cycle, with faster pulses favoring LH release and slower pulses favoring FSH release.

The Menstrual Cycle

The Menstrual Cycle

The menstrual cycle is a recurrent sequence of changes in the uterine endometrium, specifically its functional layer, the stratum functionalis. This cycle prepares the uterus for potential pregnancy. This cycle typically spans 21–35 days, averaging 28 days, and aligns with the ovarian cycle, regulated by fluctuating levels of ovarian hormones, primarily estrogen and progesterone.
The menstrual phase occurs from days 1 to 5 and involves the shedding of the stratum functionalis, as a uterine...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Sleeping while driving.

International journal of adolescent medicine and health·2014

Same author

Pregnant, even when you did not want to be pregnant.

International journal of adolescent medicine and health·2014

Same author

Syphilis: a forgotten sexually transmitted disease?

Frontiers in public health·2014

Same author

Adolescence, violence, and public health.

Frontiers in public health·2013

Same author

Firesetting in childhood and adolescence.

Frontiers in public health·2013

Same author

Human sexuality and adolescence.

Frontiers in public health·2013

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Herbs-Partitioned Moxibustion on the Navel in a Rat Model of Primary Dysmenorrhea with Cold Coagulation and Blood Stasis

Herbs-Partitioned Moxibustion on the Navel in a Rat Model of Primary Dysmenorrhea with Cold Coagulation and Blood Stasis

Published on: October 4, 2024

Membranous dysmenorrhea: a case series.

Hatim A Omar¹, Shawn J Smith

¹Division of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA. haomar2@ uky.edu

Thescientificworldjournal

|December 7, 2007

Summary

Hormonal contraception effectively manages membranous dysmenorrhea, a condition involving painful expulsion of uterine lining. This study shows various contraceptive methods can be used successfully in patients experiencing this condition.

More Related Videos

Analysis of Raw and Processed Cyperi Rhizoma Samples Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Rats with Primary Dysmenorrhea

Analysis of Raw and Processed Cyperi Rhizoma Samples Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Rats with Primary Dysmenorrhea

Published on: December 23, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Herbs-Partitioned Moxibustion on the Navel in a Rat Model of Primary Dysmenorrhea with Cold Coagulation and Blood Stasis

Herbs-Partitioned Moxibustion on the Navel in a Rat Model of Primary Dysmenorrhea with Cold Coagulation and Blood Stasis

Published on: October 4, 2024

Analysis of Raw and Processed Cyperi Rhizoma Samples Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Rats with Primary Dysmenorrhea

Analysis of Raw and Processed Cyperi Rhizoma Samples Using Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry in Rats with Primary Dysmenorrhea

Published on: December 23, 2022

Area of Science:

Gynecology
Reproductive Endocrinology

Background:

Membranous dysmenorrhea is characterized by the expulsion of uterine decidua.
Hormonal contraception is a common treatment for dysmenorrhea.

Observation:

A case series reviewed six patients with membranous dysmenorrhea treated by a Pediatric Gynecologist.
Patients underwent pelvic and bimanual examinations and were followed regularly.

Findings:

Various hormonal contraceptives, including the transdermal patch, oral contraceptives, and depot medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA), were used.
Patients using DMPA or the transdermal patch experienced resolution or continued management of membranous dysmenorrhea without complications.
Membranous dysmenorrhea is not exclusively associated with DMPA use.

Implications:

Hormonal contraception offers a viable management strategy for membranous dysmenorrhea.
The choice of hormonal contraceptive may be individualized based on patient response and history.
Further research can explore the efficacy of different hormonal agents in managing this condition.