Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

Type II Diabetes Mellitus III: Clinical Manifestations and Diagnosis

Type 2 diabetes mellitus develops gradually and is often asymptomatic in early stages.Clinical ManifestationsWhen symptoms appear, they include fatigue, blurred vision, pruritus, delayed wound healing, and recurrent infections, particularly candidal infections. Peripheral neuropathy may present as numbness or tingling in the extremities. Classic hyperglycemia symptoms—polyuria, polydipsia, and polyphagia—are less common. Most patients are overweight and frequently have associated hypertension...

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide Association Studies-GWAS

Genome-wide association studies or GWAS are used to identify whether common SNPs are associated with certain diseases. Suppose specific SNPs are more frequently observed in individuals with a particular disease than those without the disease. In that case, those SNPs are said to be associated with the disease. Chi-square analysis is performed to check the probability of the allele likely to be associated with the disease.
GWAS does not require the identification of the target gene involved in...

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Diabetes Mellitus: Type 2 and Gestational

Type 2 diabetes, characterized by insulin resistance, arises when the insulin receptors on cells lose responsiveness to insulin, diminishing the cell's capacity to take up glucose, resulting in elevated blood glucose levels. To receive a diagnosis of Type 2 diabetes, a series of blood glucose tests are necessary to assess whether the blood glucose falls within normal parameters. If the result is out of the normal range, a patient may be diagnosed as prediabetic or diabetic, depending on the...

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

Type II Diabetes II: Pathophysiology

PathophysiologyType 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM ) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance and progressive pancreatic β-cell dysfunction, leading to impaired glucose homeostasis. It results from interactions among genetic predisposition, environmental factors, and metabolic stressors, such as overnutrition and a sedentary lifestyle.Insulin Resistance and Glucose DysregulationEarly T2DM involves insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue, and the liver.

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

Diabetes: Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Complications

For most patients, experiencing several weeks of polyuria, polydipsia, fatigue, and significant weight loss may indicate the presence of diabetes. Furthermore, adults displaying the phenotypic appearance of type 2 diabetes (particularly those who are obese and not initially insulin-requiring), may have islet cell autoantibodies, suggesting autoimmune-mediated β cell destruction and a diagnosis of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults (LADA). The categorization of glucose homeostasis is based on...

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type II Diabetes I: Introduction

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disorder characterized by insulin resistance, in which target tissues such as the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue respond poorly to insulin. It is also associated with inadequate compensatory insulin secretion, where pancreatic β-cells fail to produce sufficient insulin. Together, these abnormalities lead to persistent hyperglycemia.EtiologyT2DM develops through a complex interaction of genetic predisposition and environmental or...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

A global initiative to deliver precision health in diabetes.

Nature medicine·2024

Same author

Previous fracture and subsequent fracture risk: a meta-analysis to update FRAX.

Osteoporosis international : a journal established as result of cooperation between the European Foundation for Osteoporosis and the National Osteoporosis Foundation of the USA·2023

Same author

Influence of albuminuria on cardiovascular risk in patients with stable coronary artery disease. Circulation 116: 2687-2693, 2007.

Clinical journal of the American Society of Nephrology : CJASN·2023

Same author

CT findings in sequel of COVID-19 pneumonia and its complications.

BJR open·2022

Same author

An investigation of factors affecting changes in health behaviours during the COVID-19 pandemic in a UK population-based cohort study.

Public health·2022

Same author

Gastrointestinal: An unusual cause of biliary obstruction in a case of Peutz-Jeghers syndrome.

Journal of gastroenterology and hepatology·2022

Search research articles

Related Experiment Videos

Testing of diabetes-associated WFS1 polymorphisms in the Diabetes Prevention Program.

J C Florez¹, K A Jablonski, J McAteer

¹Center for Human Genetic Research, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA, USA. jcflorez@partners.org

|December 7, 2007

Summary

Genetic variants in the WFS1 gene, linked to Wolfram syndrome, may influence type 2 diabetes risk. A lifestyle intervention in the Diabetes Prevention Program appeared to enhance the protective effects of these WFS1 alleles on beta cell function.

Related Experiment Videos

Area of Science:

Genetics
Endocrinology
Metabolic Diseases

Background:

Wolfram syndrome is a rare genetic disorder caused by mutations in the WFS1 gene.
Single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the WFS1 gene have been associated with an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
The Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) investigated interventions to prevent type 2 diabetes.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the association of WFS1 gene variants with type 2 diabetes incidence.
To examine the effect of these WFS1 variants on response to lifestyle intervention and metformin in the DPP.
To evaluate the impact of WFS1 SNPs on insulin resistance and beta cell function.

Main Methods:

Genotyping of three WFS1 SNPs (rs10010131, rs752854, rs734312) in 3,548 DPP participants.
Cox regression analysis to assess diabetes incidence based on genotype and intervention.
Evaluation of insulin resistance and beta cell function at one year.

Main Results:

No overall association between the genotyped WFS1 SNPs and diabetes incidence.
A trend for reduced diabetes incidence in white participants with protective WFS1 alleles in the lifestyle intervention arm.
A linked SNP (rs10012946) was associated with type 2 diabetes in a separate dataset.
A trend towards improved insulin secretion in carriers of protective WFS1 variants, often compensating for reduced insulin sensitivity.

Conclusions:

The protective effects of certain WFS1 alleles against type 2 diabetes may be amplified by lifestyle interventions.
These WFS1 variants appear to improve beta cell function, potentially offering a therapeutic target.