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Whey protein isolate and glycomacropeptide decrease weight gain and alter body composition in male Wistar rats.

Peter J Royle1, Graeme H McIntosh, Peter M Clifton

  • 1Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation, Division of Human Nutrition, Kintore Avenue, Adelaide 5000, SA, Australia. peter.royle@csiro.au

The British Journal of Nutrition
|December 8, 2007
PubMed
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Whey protein isolate (WPI) significantly reduces body weight gain and fat accumulation. Glycomacropeptide (GMP) further enhances these effects, particularly reducing fat mass and improving metabolic markers when combined with WPI.

Area of Science:

  • Nutritional Science
  • Biochemistry
  • Physiology

Background:

  • Whey protein concentrate is known to limit body fat expansion.
  • Glycomacropeptide (GMP), a component of whey protein, may be responsible for this effect.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of whey protein isolate (WPI) and GMP on weight gain and body composition in rats.
  • To determine the specific effects of GMP inclusion in WPI diets on metabolic parameters.

Main Methods:

  • Wistar rats were fed semi-purified diets with varying protein sources (casein, beef, WPI, WPI+GMP) for 7 weeks.
  • Body composition, body weight gain, plasma triglycerides (TAG), insulin, and glucose levels were measured.

Main Results:

Related Experiment Videos

  • WPI alone reduced body weight gain by 21% compared to casein.
  • Inclusion of GMP with WPI led to reduced renal and carcass fat mass (P < 0.05) and significantly lowered plasma insulin (P < 0.01) and TAG (P < 0.05) at the highest dose.
  • GMP inclusion showed a non-significant trend towards further reducing body weight gain.

    • Conclusions:

    • GMP significantly enhances the fat-reducing effects of WPI.
    • WPI plays a predominant role in reducing body weight gain, accounting for 70% of the effect.
    • The mechanisms behind these effects were not identified but were independent of food intake.