Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response01:20

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...
Exercise and Cardiac Output01:17

Exercise and Cardiac Output

Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be met...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease01:24

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

COPD is defined as a heterogeneous lung condition marked by persistent respiratory symptoms such as dyspnea, cough, and sputum production, caused by abnormalities in the airways that cause airflow obstruction.
Smoking is a primary risk factor for COPD, with over 80% of patients having a history of it. Patients typically experience progressive dyspnea or labored breathing, frequent coughing, and recurrent pulmonary infections. Many eventually succumb to respiratory failure, characterized by...
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-I: Introduction

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is a long-lasting respiratory condition requiring continuous attention and care. It is a progressive lung disease that leads to breathing challenges due to airflow obstruction. It manifests as persistent respiratory symptoms and restricted airflow resulting from abnormalities in the airways and alveoli, usually due to long-term exposure to harmful particles or gases. COPD mainly consists of two primary conditions: emphysema and chronic bronchitis.
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.01:25

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-III: Symptoms and Complications.

Understanding the variety of primary symptoms and systemic complications that characterize chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial for healthcare professionals.
Symptoms of COPD can be classified as primary or systemic. Primary symptoms relate to reduced airflow, while systemic or extrapulmonary symptoms relate to COPD's broader impact on the body.
Primary Symptoms of COPD:
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology01:20

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease-II: Pathophysiology

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) pathophysiology is intricate and multifaceted, involving a complex interplay of physiological processes. Understanding these mechanisms is crucial for effectively managing and treating COPD. Here is an in-depth look at the critical elements in the pathophysiology of COPD:
Chronic Inflammation

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Development and validation of the Manipal Interstitial Lung Disease Education Booklet (MILD EduB) for individuals with interstitial lung disease.

PloS one·2026
Same author

Changes in knowledge, skills, and confidence following a training program for primary care physiotherapists and exercise physiologists in pulmonary rehabilitation: a pre-post study.

Primary health care research & development·2026
Same author

Physiotherapy management of Long-COVID: an evidence-based approach.

Brazilian journal of physical therapy·2026
Same author

Clinician perspectives on Long-COVID physical rehabilitation: challenges, uncertainty, and semantics.

Disability and rehabilitation·2026
Same author

Authors' Response to the Letter by Sun et al.

Health expectations : an international journal of public participation in health care and health policy·2026
Same author

PURE PRIME: Implementing PUlmonary REhabilitation in PRIMary care - A randomised-controlled feasibility trial.

Annals of the American Thoracic Society·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Home-Based Prescribed Pulmonary Exercise in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
07:10

Home-Based Prescribed Pulmonary Exercise in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Published on: August 24, 2019

Physiological responses to high intensity, constant-load arm exercise in COPD.

Zoe J McKeough1, Jennifer A Alison, Bradley A Speers

  • 1Discipline of Physiotherapy, Faculty of Health Sciences, Sydney University, P.O. Box 170, Lidcombe, NSW 2141, Australia. Z.McKeough@usyd.edu.au

Respiratory Medicine
|December 8, 2007
PubMed
Summary

High-intensity constant-load arm exercise at 80% peak work rate causes greater ventilation and breathlessness in COPD patients than incremental exercise. This suggests 80% may be too high for initial arm exercise training intensity.

More Related Videos

Dual Test Gas Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity Measurement During Exercise in Humans Using the Single-Breath Method
08:44

Dual Test Gas Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity Measurement During Exercise in Humans Using the Single-Breath Method

Published on: February 2, 2024

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Home-Based Prescribed Pulmonary Exercise in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease
07:10

Home-Based Prescribed Pulmonary Exercise in Patients with Stable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease

Published on: August 24, 2019

Dual Test Gas Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity Measurement During Exercise in Humans Using the Single-Breath Method
08:44

Dual Test Gas Pulmonary Diffusing Capacity Measurement During Exercise in Humans Using the Single-Breath Method

Published on: February 2, 2024

Area of Science:

  • Pulmonary Rehabilitation
  • Exercise Physiology
  • Respiratory Medicine

Background:

  • Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) significantly impacts exercise capacity and quality of life.
  • Arm exercise is crucial for COPD patients, but optimal training intensities require further investigation.
  • Understanding physiological responses to different exercise protocols is key for effective pulmonary rehabilitation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare metabolic, ventilatory, and dyspnea responses between constant-load and incremental arm exercise in COPD patients.
  • To evaluate the suitability of 80% peak work rate for constant-load arm exercise in this population.
  • To inform exercise prescription for pulmonary rehabilitation programs.

Main Methods:

  • Thirty COPD patients (mean age 65, FEV1 56%) underwent two arm ergometer tests: incremental to peak, and constant-load at 80% of peak.
  • Measurements included oxygen consumption (VO2), minute ventilation (VE), dyspnea, and rate of perceived exertion (RPE) recorded each minute.
  • Exercise duration and physiological responses at end-exercise were compared between protocols.

Main Results:

  • Peak work rate averaged 33.0 W, with similar test durations (incremental: 6.6 min, constant-load: 7.1 min).
  • Constant-load exercise at 80% peak work rate resulted in significantly higher end-exercise VE, dyspnea, and RPE compared to incremental exercise (p<0.05).
  • VO2 responses were not detailed in the abstract but were measured.

Conclusions:

  • Constant-load arm exercise at 80% peak work rate induces a greater physiological stress (ventilation, dyspnea, RPE) in COPD patients compared to incremental arm exercise.
  • An intensity of 80% peak work rate may be excessively high for initiating supported arm exercise training in individuals with COPD.
  • These findings suggest a need for cautious intensity progression in arm exercise programs for COPD patients.