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Negative BOLD with large increases in neuronal activity.

Ulrich Schridde¹, Manjula Khubchandani, Joshua E Motelow

¹Department of Neurology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

|December 8, 2007

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Negative BOLD signals in functional MRI (fMRI) during seizures do not always mean reduced brain activity. Brain region and metabolic state influence how fMRI signals reflect neuronal activity.

Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Neuroimaging
Systems Neuroscience

Background:

Blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a key tool in neuroscience for mapping brain activity.
BOLD fMRI indirectly measures neuronal activity by detecting changes in cerebral blood flow (CBF), cerebral blood volume (CBV), and oxygen consumption (CMRO2).
The relationship between BOLD signals and underlying neuronal activity can be complex and vary across brain regions and physiological states.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the relationship between neuronal activity, hemodynamics, and BOLD signals during seizures.
To determine the factors contributing to positive and negative BOLD responses in different brain regions during pathological conditions.

Main Methods:

Simultaneous recording of fMRI, CBV, CBF, and neuronal activity in rats during induced seizures.

Related Experiment Videos

Utilizing computational modeling to estimate cerebral metabolic rate of oxygen (CMRO2) consumption.

Comparative analysis of BOLD signal characteristics in the cortex versus the hippocampus.

Main Results:

Increased neuronal, hemodynamic, and metabolic activity correlated with positive BOLD signals in the cortex.
Conversely, increased neuronal, hemodynamic, and metabolic activity were associated with negative BOLD signals in the hippocampus.
Negative BOLD signals can arise from increased neuronal activity, modulated by the interplay between CBF, CBV, and CMRO2.

Conclusions:

The interpretation of BOLD fMRI signals requires careful consideration of the specific brain region and physiological state.
Negative BOLD signals do not exclusively indicate decreased neuronal activity or CBF.
The dynamic relationship between neural metabolism and cerebrovascular responses influences BOLD signal generation, particularly during pathological states like seizures.