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Related Experiment Video

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Developing Neuroimaging Phenotypes of the Default Mode Network in PTSD: Integrating the Resting State, Working Memory, and Structural Connectivity

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Reduced resting-state brain activity in the "default network" in normal aging.

J S Damoiseaux¹, C F Beckmann, E J Sanz Arigita

¹Department of Neurology, VU University Medical Center, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. J.Damoiseaux@vumc.nl

Cerebral Cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991)

|December 8, 2007

Summary

Normal aging impacts cognitive functions like attention and memory. This study found reduced brain network activity in older adults, linked to cognitive decline, particularly in the default-mode network (DMN).

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Cognitive Aging
Brain Imaging

Background:

Normal aging is characterized by cognitive decline affecting attention, information processing, and working memory.
Age-related cognitive deficits may stem from regional brain changes and altered functional brain connectivity.
The default-mode network (DMN) is crucial for intrinsic brain activity and may be affected by aging.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate how normal aging affects the functional connectivity of intrinsic brain activity within the default-mode network (DMN).
To determine if age-related changes in DMN functional connectivity correlate with cognitive function.

Main Methods:

Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to examine resting-state brain activity in 10 younger and 22 older adults.
Analysis focused on spontaneous fluctuations within intrinsic brain networks, specifically the DMN.
Results were corrected for regional gray matter volume differences.

Main Results:

Older adults exhibited decreased activity in two resting-state networks (RSNs) resembling the DMN compared to younger adults.
These RSNs included regions such as the superior/middle frontal gyrus, posterior cingulate, middle temporal gyrus, and superior parietal lobule.
Reduced activity in one RSN correlated with diminished executive functioning and processing speed in the older group.

Conclusions:

Normal aging is associated with reduced functional connectivity within specific resting-state networks, including the DMN.
These alterations in brain network activity are linked to age-related cognitive impairments, particularly in executive functions and processing speed.
fMRI of resting-state networks provides insights into the neural mechanisms underlying cognitive aging.