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Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Measurement of X-ray Beam Coherence along Multiple Directions Using 2-D Checkerboard Phase Grating
Published on: October 11, 2016
Efficient method for evaluation of the diffraction efficiency upper bound of diffractive phase elements
Abstract:
The theoretical diffraction efficiency upper limit of diffractive phase elements (DPE's) with finite apertures is investigated. A successful numerical method of evaluating the efficiency upper bound of DPE's is proposed. The method includes a hybrid optimization procedure that combines a genetic algorithm with the conjugate gradient method. This efficient global optimization technique can also be used to design DPE's. Simulation computations are detailed for rotationally symmetric beam shaping in which a Gaussian profile laser beam is converted into a uniform beam. Numerical results demonstrate that the estimated diffraction efficiency upper bound is consistent with the design results.
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