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Related Concept Videos

Plane Electromagnetic Waves I01:30

Plane Electromagnetic Waves I

The existence of combined electric and magnetic fields that propagate through space as electromagnetic (EM) waves is the most significant prediction of Maxwell's equations. As Maxwell's equations hold in free space, the predicted electromagnetic waves do not require a medium for their propagation. An EM wave comprises an electric field, defined as the force per charge on a stationary charge, and a magnetic field, which is the force per charge on a moving charge.
The EM field is assumed to be a...
Transmission Line Design Considerations01:23

Transmission Line Design Considerations

Aluminum has become the material of choice for overhead transmission lines, surpassing copper due to its abundance and cost-effectiveness. The most prevalent type is the aluminum conductor, steel-reinforced (ACSR), which combines aluminum strands around a steel core. Other variants include all-aluminum conductors (AAC), all-aluminum alloy conductors (AAAC), aluminum conductor alloy-reinforced (ACAR), and aluminum-clad steel conductors. Advanced designs, such as aluminum conductors with steel...
Plane Electromagnetic Waves II01:29

Plane Electromagnetic Waves II

Consider a plane wavefront traveling in position x-direction with a constant speed. This wavefront can be utilized to obtain the relationship between electric and magnetic fields with the help of Faraday's law.
Design of Prismatic Beams for Bending01:23

Design of Prismatic Beams for Bending

The design of prismatic beams, structural elements with a uniform cross-section, focuses on ensuring safety and structural integrity under load. The design process begins by determining the allowable stress, either from material properties tables, or by dividing the material's ultimate strength by a safety factor. This safety factor is essential for accommodating uncertainties, and varies depending on the material—timber, steel, or concrete—with each having unique strength and stress...
Standing Waves in a Cavity01:28

Standing Waves in a Cavity

A household microwave and lasers are examples of standing electromagnetic waves in a cavity. When two conducting metal plates are placed parallel at the nodal planes, it creates a cavity where standing waves are formed. The cavity between the two planes is analogous to a stretched string held at the points x = 0 and x = L. Here, the distance 'L' between the two planes must be an integer multiple of half of the wavelength. The wavelengths that satisfy this condition are given by:
Unsymmetric Loading of Thin-Walled Members: Problem Solving01:07

Unsymmetric Loading of Thin-Walled Members: Problem Solving

The shear center of a channel section with uniform thickness, height, and width, is determined by computing the shear force in the member and calculating the moments of inertia of the sections.
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Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Terahertz Microfluidic Sensing Using a Parallel-plate Waveguide Sensor
07:28

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Published on: August 30, 2012

Characterization and application of a channel- planar composite waveguide.

Z M Qi, K Itoh, M Murabayashi

    Optics Letters
    |December 11, 2007
    PubMed
    Summary

    A novel channel-planar composite optical waveguide (COWG) was created using titanium dioxide. This new waveguide structure enables enhanced sensitivity for integrated optical chemical and biological sensors.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optoelectronics
    • Materials Science

    Background:

    • Integrated optical waveguides are crucial for sensing applications.
    • Existing waveguide designs face limitations in sensitivity and mode control.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To fabricate and characterize a new channel-planar composite optical waveguide (COWG).
    • To demonstrate the COWG's capability for mode transition and separation.
    • To explore its potential for enhanced sensitivity in chemical and biological sensing.

    Main Methods:

    • Fabrication of COWG by sputtering titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) onto a substrate with pre-existing channel waveguides.
    • Utilizing a mask during deposition to define the TiO(2) film geometry.
    • Theoretical analysis and experimental measurement of attenuation due to scattering and evanescent-field dye absorption.
    • Investigating polarimetric interference patterns by altering the superstrate refractive index.

    Main Results:

    • Successful fabrication of a 27-nm-thick TiO(2) film with specific dimensions and tapered ends.
    • Demonstrated adiabatic transition of the TE(00) mode and TE(00)-TM(00) mode separation within the COWG.
    • Observed polarimetric interference patterns influenced by superstrate index changes.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed channel-planar COWG structure is effective for mode manipulation.
    • The COWG exhibits potential for highly sensitive integrated optical chemical and biological sensing applications.