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Obesity significantly alters the pharmacokinetic processes of drug absorption and distribution, presenting unique challenges in medical treatment. The increased fat tissue and decreased lean muscle in obese individuals can significantly affect how drugs are absorbed into the body and distributed across different tissues. This alteration can lead to variances in the effectiveness and safety of medications, necessitating adjustments in dosing or drug selection for obese patients.One notable...
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Assessment of Human Adipose Tissue Microvascular Function Using Videomicroscopy
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Published on: September 29, 2017

Microcirculation in obesity: an unexplored domain.

Nicolas Wiernsperger1, Pierre Nivoit, Eliete Bouskela

  • 1Laboratório de Pesquisas em Microcirculação, Centro Biomédico, Universidade do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.

Anais Da Academia Brasileira De Ciencias
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Summary

Fat distribution, not just amount, is key in obesity. Early life factors and microcirculation abnormalities may predict long-term obesity risk, challenging traditional views linking obesity solely to diabetes and heart disease.

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular Research
  • Metabolic Syndrome
  • Pediatric Obesity

Background:

  • Traditional views link obesity primarily to diabetes and cardiovascular diseases.
  • Emerging evidence suggests fat distribution, particularly abdominal fat, is a more critical determinant than overall fat mass.
  • Obesity's complex cardiometabolic impact necessitates focused research on early-onset factors.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of fat distribution over fat amount in obesity.
  • To explore early life factors, including intergenerational and perinatal influences (epigenetics), in obesity development.
  • To examine the potential link between microvascular function and obesity risk.

Main Methods:

  • Review of experimental, clinical, and epidemiological data.
  • Focus on uncomplicated obese subjects and appropriate animal models for investigation.
  • Exploration of microcirculation (arterioles, capillaries, venules) in subjects at risk for obesity.

Main Results:

  • Data challenges the automatic link between obesity and associated diseases.
  • Moderate abdominal fat accumulation may pose a greater risk than general overweight.
  • Early identification of microvascular abnormalities in at-risk individuals is proposed as a research basis.

Conclusions:

  • Fat distribution is a crucial factor in obesity, potentially more so than total body fat.
  • Gestational and perinatal events, via epigenetic mechanisms, offer new research avenues for obesity.
  • Microvascular physiology early in life may be a key determinant in the development of obesity over decades.