[Renal disease in multiple myeloma].
Keiju Hiromura1, Yoshihisa Nojima
1Department of Medicine and Clinical Science, Gunma University Graduate School of Medicine.
Nihon Rinsho. Japanese Journal of Clinical Medicine
|December 12, 2007
Summary
Multiple myeloma frequently causes kidney disease, primarily due to monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains. This review covers myeloma cast nephropathy, AL amyloidosis, and monoclonal immunoglobulin deposit disease, focusing on their pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment to protect kidney function.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Oncology
- Immunology
Context:
- Renal involvement is a frequent complication in multiple myeloma patients.
- Monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains are implicated in most myeloma-related kidney diseases.
- Myeloma cast nephropathy, AL amyloidosis, and monoclonal immunoglobulin deposit disease are key renal manifestations.
Purpose:
- To review the pathogenesis and diagnostic approaches for major renal diseases in multiple myeloma.
- To discuss treatment strategies for renal complications in multiple myeloma.
- To highlight the importance of chemotherapy for M-protein reduction and preventive measures against renal injury.
Summary:
- Multiple myeloma commonly leads to kidney damage, often caused by monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains.
- Key renal diseases include myeloma cast nephropathy (frequently causing acute kidney injury), AL amyloidosis, and monoclonal immunoglobulin deposit disease (often presenting as nephrotic syndrome).
- This review details the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of these conditions, emphasizing M-protein reduction via chemotherapy and renal protective strategies.
Impact:
- Provides a comprehensive overview of myeloma-related kidney diseases for clinicians.
- Aids in the timely diagnosis and effective management of renal complications in multiple myeloma.
- Contributes to improved patient outcomes by focusing on renal protection and M-protein control.
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