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Successful outcome after intravenous gasoline injection
Wolfgang Domej1, Heike Mitterhammer, Rudolf Stauber
1Department of Internal Medicine, Medical University of Graz, Austria. wolfgang.domej@meduni-graz.at
Summary
Intravenous gasoline injection is dangerous, causing severe lung injury and multi-organ dysfunction. Prompt, aggressive supportive care is crucial for recovery from this rare form of hydrocarbon poisoning.
Area of Science:
- Toxicology
- Emergency Medicine
- Pulmonology
Background:
- Gasoline ingestion typically occurs orally or via inhalation.
- Intravenous (IV) hydrocarbon poisoning data, specifically from gasoline, is limited.
- This case highlights severe complications following intentional IV gasoline self-injection.
Observation:
- A 26-year-old medical student presented with hemoptysis, respiratory failure, and abdominal cramps after IV gasoline injection.
- Chemical pneumonitis, multi-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS), and vasoplegia developed within 24 hours.
- Treatment included mechanical ventilation, supportive hyperventilation, inhaled nitric oxide (NO), prednisone, vasopressors, and hemofiltration.
Findings:
- Intravenous gasoline injection causes significant pulmonary injury.
- The patient developed severe vasoplegia and required intensive hemodynamic support.
- Renal function impairment necessitated hemofiltration for 5 days.
Implications:
- The lungs are the primary target organ due to the first-pass capillary effect.
- Symptomatic treatment is standard as no specific antidote exists for gasoline poisoning.
- Aggressive supportive care is vital for favorable outcomes in severe hydrocarbon poisoning cases.
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