Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Exercise and Muscle Performance01:27

Exercise and Muscle Performance

Exercise induces a range of adaptations in muscle tissue, depending on the type and duration of activity. Such physical training can be broadly categorized into two types: endurance exercises and resistance exercises.
Endurance exercises
Endurance exercises involve running, swimming, or cycling, which require repetitive movements with low force output. When a person engages in endurance exercise, a few noticeable changes occur in their skeletal muscles. For instance, the number of capillaries...
Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue01:27

Growth of Cartilage and Bone Tissue

Chondrocytes form a temporary cartilaginous model by dividing and secreting a thick gel-like extracellular matrix. Once the chondrocytes undergo programmed cell death, osteoblasts enter the site of the cartilaginous model. The process of replacing the temporary cartilaginous model with bone in an ordered manner is called endochondral ossification. In endochondral ossification, not all of the cartilage is replaced by bone tissue. Some cartilage that performs a protective and supportive function...
Exercise and Cardiac Output01:17

Exercise and Cardiac Output

Regular physical activity is essential for maintaining cardiovascular health, with aerobic exercises being particularly effective. According to the American Heart Association, 150 minutes of moderate to intense aerobic exercise per week is recommended for a healthy heart. Aerobic activities may include brisk walking, running, bicycling, cross-country skiing, and swimming, ideally performed three to five times per week.
Sustained exercise increases the muscles' oxygen demand, which can be met...
Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns01:29

Oxygen Requirements and Growth Patterns

Microorganisms exhibit diverse oxygen requirements and growth patterns driven by their metabolic strategies and environmental adaptations. Oxygen, while essential for many organisms, can also be toxic under certain conditions, shaping how microorganisms grow and survive.Oxygen Requirements of MicroorganismsMicroorganisms are classified based on their ability to use or tolerate oxygen:● Obligate aerobes like Mycobacterium tuberculosis need oxygen for energy production, as it serves as the...
Cellular Adaptation II: Hypertrophy01:26

Cellular Adaptation II: Hypertrophy

Hypertrophy is the increase in the size of individual cells, resulting in the enlargement of a tissue or organ. Unlike hyperplasia, which involves an increase in cell number, hypertrophy is characterized by an increase in cell volume. This process often occurs in response to higher functional demand or hormonal stimulation, leading to the production of more structural proteins and organelles, thereby enhancing the cells' work capacity.There are two primary types of hypertrophy: physiological...
Exercise and Cardiovascular Response01:20

Exercise and Cardiovascular Response

Exercise significantly impacts cardiovascular response, which is crucial for understanding patient health and designing effective treatment plans.
Light to moderate physical activity initiates a series of interconnected responses in the body. The heart rate modestly increases in anticipation of the workout, followed by widespread vasodilation as oxygen consumption by skeletal muscles increases. This results in decreased peripheral resistance, increased capillary blood flow, and accelerated...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Asymmetric bony hip morphology in asymptomatic professional baseball pitchers: a cross-sectional cohort study.

BMC sports science, medicine & rehabilitation·2026
Same author

Reference Data and Predictors of HR-pQCT-Derived Muscle Density and Its Prediction of Physical Performance.

Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle·2025
Same author

Asymptomatic female softball pitchers have altered hip morphology and cartilage composition.

Scientific reports·2025
Same author

School-Based Physical Activity Program Implementation Is Enhanced With Support From Community-Based Partners.

The Journal of school health·2025
Same author

Cross-sectional size, shape, and estimated strength of the tibia, fibula and second metatarsal in female collegiate-level cross-country runners and soccer players.

Bone·2024
Same author

Am I big boned? Bone length scaled reference data for HRpQCT measures of the radial and tibial diaphysis in White adults.

Bone reports·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Evaluation of Changes in Hydration and Body Cell Mass with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis after Exercise Program for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
07:44

Evaluation of Changes in Hydration and Body Cell Mass with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis after Exercise Program for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Published on: July 14, 2023

Impact exercise increases BMC during growth: an 8-year longitudinal study.

Katherine Gunter1, Adam Dg Baxter-Jones, Robert L Mirwald

  • 1Bone Research Laboratory, Department of Nutrition and Exercise Sciences, Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon 97331, USA. kathy.gunter@oregonstate.edu

Journal of Bone and Mineral Research : the Official Journal of the American Society for Bone and Mineral Research
|December 13, 2007
PubMed
Summary

High-impact jumping exercises in prepubertal children significantly increased bone mineral content (BMC) at the hip compared to stretching. These gains in bone mineral content were sustained for nearly 8 years.

More Related Videos

Lower Limb Biomechanical Analysis of Healthy Participants
06:36

Lower Limb Biomechanical Analysis of Healthy Participants

Published on: April 15, 2020

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Evaluation of Changes in Hydration and Body Cell Mass with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis after Exercise Program for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients
07:44

Evaluation of Changes in Hydration and Body Cell Mass with Bioelectrical Impedance Analysis after Exercise Program for Rheumatoid Arthritis Patients

Published on: July 14, 2023

Lower Limb Biomechanical Analysis of Healthy Participants
06:36

Lower Limb Biomechanical Analysis of Healthy Participants

Published on: April 15, 2020

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Exercise Science
  • Bone Health and Osteoporosis Research
  • Childhood Physical Activity Interventions

Background:

  • Childhood is a critical period for bone development, influencing peak bone mass and future skeletal health.
  • Early life physical activity interventions may have long-lasting effects on bone mineral content (BMC).
  • The impact of high-impact exercise on pediatric bone accrual requires further investigation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the long-term effects of a short-term jumping intervention on hip bone mineral content (BMC) in prepubertal children.
  • To compare BMC changes in children undertaking high-impact jumping versus those in a stretching control group over 8 years.
  • To determine if early childhood exercise can lead to sustained increases in bone mineral content.

Main Methods:

  • Randomized, controlled, school-based trial involving prepubertal children.
  • Intervention group performed 7-month high-impact jumping exercises; control group performed stretching.
  • Bone mineral content (BMC) assessed via DXA at baseline and over 8 years; multilevel random effects models used for analysis.

Main Results:

  • Jumping intervention group showed 3.6% greater hip BMC than controls after the 7-month intervention (p < 0.05).
  • This difference in hip BMC was sustained, with jumpers showing 1.4% more bone mineral content after nearly 8 years (p < 0.05).
  • Adjusted analyses accounted for changes in age, height, weight, and physical activity, confirming sustained effects.

Conclusions:

  • Short-term, high-impact jumping exercise in early childhood can lead to significant and sustained increases in hip bone mineral content (BMC).
  • This study provides the first evidence of a lasting positive effect of early childhood impact exercise on total hip BMC.
  • Sustained benefits into young adulthood could enhance peak bone mass, potentially reducing later-life fracture risk.