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Identifying problems and generating recommendations for enhancing complex systems: applying the abstraction hierarchy

¹Intel Corporation, Folsom, CA 95630, USA. wei.xu@intel.com

|December 14, 2007

Summary

The abstraction hierarchy (AH) framework effectively identifies complex system problems and opportunities. This study analyzed an aircraft-automation system, revealing pilot-automation interaction breakdowns due to goal-directed automation issues.

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Area of Science:

Human-Computer Interaction
Systems Engineering
Cognitive Systems Engineering

Background:

Conventional methods for complex system analysis are limited by incomplete requirements and unmanageable data.
Existing research lacks a systematic approach to address these limitations.
A broader perspective is needed to effectively analyze and improve complex systems.

Purpose of the Study:

To adopt J. Rasmussen's (1985) abstraction hierarchy (AH) framework as an analytical tool.
To identify problems and pinpoint opportunities for enhancing complex systems.
To analyze pilot-automation interactions in an aircraft-automation system.

Main Methods:

Developing an abstraction hierarchy (AH) model for the aircraft-automation system.
Mapping system data onto the AH framework.
Identifying pilot-automation interaction breakdowns based on mapped data.
Presenting recommendations for system enhancement.

Main Results:

Breakdowns in pilot-automation interactions were primarily associated with goal-directed automation operations.
Root causes identified include inadequate pilot mental models (knowledge content and structure).
Lack of effective higher-order functional domain information and insufficient automation procedures contributed to issues.

Conclusions:

The abstraction hierarchy (AH) is a valuable tool for systematic problem identification and opportunity generation in complex systems.
AH aids in examining automation awareness issues and identifying improvements from a work domain perspective.
Applications include enhancing pilot training, flight deck interfaces, and automation procedures.