Surgical endodontic and retrograde procedures

This article reviews the recent literature on endodontic surgery and root end filling materials. Root end filling materials have been studied extensively during the period of this review. The materials that have proved to consistently seal the apex in both leakage and success studies are the reinforced zinc oxide-eugenol cements such as IRM (The L.D. Caulk Co., Milford, DE) and SuperEBA (Harry J. Bosworth Co., Skokie, IL) cement. Articles on treatment planning and surgical armamentaria are also reviewed. Two textbooks and 21 journal articles are cited.