Visualization of the normal appendix in children by non-contrast MDCT

Area of Science:

• Radiology
• Pediatric Imaging
• Gastrointestinal Imaging

Background:

• Non-contrast MDCT is increasingly used for pediatric abdominal imaging, particularly for suspected renal stones.
• Appendix visualization on non-contrast MDCT has not been extensively studied in pediatric populations.

Purpose of the Study:

• To determine the proportion of normal appendices visualized on non-contrast MDCT in children with suspected renal stones.
• To evaluate factors influencing appendix visualization, including patient age and abdominal fat.
• To compare MDCT visualization of the appendix with ultrasound.

Main Methods:

• Retrospective analysis of 105 pediatric patients (mean age 7.3 years) who underwent non-contrast abdominal CT.
• Assessment of appendix visualization, location, diameter, and abdominal fat.
• Statistical analysis of factors affecting visualization.

Main Results:

• The appendix was visualized in 68.5% of patients.
• Appendix visualization was significantly better in patients with more abdominal fat (p < 0.001) and increased with age.
• Mean appendix diameter was 5 +/- 1.34 mm.

Conclusions:

• Non-contrast MDCT is useful for appendix visualization in children aged 6 years and older, particularly with adequate abdominal fat.
• MDCT offers superior visualization of the retrocaecal appendix compared to ultrasound.
• Further prospective studies are needed to establish MDCT's role in diagnosing pediatric appendicitis.