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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Operation of the Collaborative Composite Manufacturing (CCM) System

Operation of the Collaborative Composite Manufacturing (CCM) System

Published on: October 1, 2019

The adjoint of CMAQ.

Amir Hakami¹, Daven K Henze, John H Seinfeld

¹Department of Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology, 1200 E. California Boulevard, Pasadena, California 91125, USA.

Environmental Science & Technology

|December 14, 2007

Summary

A new adjoint model for the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling platform is developed, enabling advanced sensitivity analyses for air quality research. This tool aids in understanding emission impacts on environmental and public health metrics.

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Area of Science:

Atmospheric Chemistry and Physics
Environmental Modeling
Computational Science

Background:

The Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model is a widely used tool for simulating air quality.
Sensitivity analysis is crucial for understanding model behavior and identifying key drivers of air pollution.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and evaluate an adjoint model for the CMAQ platform (CMAQ-ADJ).
To provide enhanced forward (DDM) and backward (adjoint) sensitivity analysis capabilities to the user community.
To assess the model's performance for gas-phase processes and its applicability to regional climate studies.

Main Methods:

Implementation of discrete adjoints for CMAQ gas-phase processes, with a continuous approach for horizontal advection.
Interfacing CMAQ with a kinetic pre-processor for flexible chemistry solver and mechanism implementation.
Evaluation of the adjoint model through process-by-process and full-model assessments, comparing with brute-force and DDM methods.

Main Results:

The CMAQ-ADJ model successfully provides both forward and backward sensitivity analysis capabilities.
Adjoint results generally show good agreement with brute-force and DDM sensitivities, with expected discrepancies in horizontal transport due to the nonlinear scheme.
Sensitivities of air quality, public health, and environmental metrics with respect to emissions and local temperatures were calculated.

Conclusions:

The developed CMAQ-ADJ model is a valuable tool for the air quality modeling community.
The adjoint method offers an efficient way to compute sensitivities for various metrics, aiding in policy-relevant research and regional climate studies.