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Appendicitis-II: Diagnostic Studies and Management

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Combined Supine and Standing Imaging for Varicocele: An Improved Diagnostic Approach
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Published on: November 22, 2024

Varicoceles: the diagnostic dilemma.

Jason Lee1, Saleh Binsaleh, Kirk Lo

  • 1Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Journal of Andrology
|December 14, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Clinical scrotal examination is common for diagnosing varicoceles, but imaging may be needed when it

Area of Science:

  • Urology
  • Radiology
  • Medical Imaging

Background:

  • Clinical examination of the scrotum is the primary method for diagnosing varicoceles.
  • Scrotal anatomical variations (thick scrotum, scarring, hydrocele) can limit the reliability of physical examination alone.
  • Imaging modalities are often employed when clinical diagnosis is uncertain.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review various imaging techniques utilized for varicocele diagnosis.
  • To assess the diagnostic accuracy of different imaging modalities for varicoceles.
  • To address the lack of standardized imaging criteria for varicocele diagnosis.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on imaging techniques for varicocele diagnosis.
  • Analysis of ultrasound, Doppler imaging, and venography in varicocele detection.

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  • Evaluation of the reported accuracy of each imaging modality.

    • Main Results:

    • Clinical scrotal examination is the standard diagnostic approach.
    • Imaging techniques like ultrasound, Doppler, and venography are used when examination is unreliable.
    • Currently, no universally accepted imaging criteria exist for varicocele diagnosis.

    Conclusions:

    • Imaging plays a crucial role in diagnosing varicoceles when clinical examination is inconclusive.
    • Further research is needed to establish standardized and reliable imaging criteria.
    • Accurate diagnosis of varicoceles may require a combination of clinical and imaging findings.