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A Deep-sequencing-assisted, Spontaneous Suppressor Screen in the Fission Yeast Schizosaccharomyces pombe
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Retrosequence formation restructures the yeast genome.

Patrick H Maxwell1, M Joan Curcio

  • 1Laboratory of Developmental Genetics, Wadsworth Center, and Department of Biomedical Sciences University at Albany School of Public Health, Albany, New York 12201, USA.

Genes & Development
|December 15, 2007
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Retrosequences, generated by reverse transcription, increase with yeast cell aging without telomerase. These retrosequences, often fused to Ty1 elements, promote chromosome rearrangements, requiring RAD52 for formation.

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Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics
  • Yeast Biology

Background:

  • Retrosequences derived from mRNA impact gene expression, novel functions, and genome organization.
  • The Ty1 retrotransposon in Saccharomyces cerevisiae is a key source of reverse transcriptase (RT) activity.
  • Ty1 retromobility increases significantly in yeast strains lacking telomerase.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the formation of retrosequences from single-copy gene transcripts in aging, telomerase-negative yeast.
  • To determine the role of Ty1 retrotransposons and RAD52 in retrosequence formation and its link to genome instability.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of retrosequence formation in senescent, telomerase-negative Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains.
  • Investigating the fusion of retrosequences with Ty1 elements and other transcripts to form chimeric pseudogenes.
  • Assessing the requirement of the RAD52 gene for efficient retrosequence formation.
  • Examining the correlation between retrosequence formation and chromosome rearrangements.

Main Results:

  • Ty1-dependent retrosequence formation from single-copy gene transcripts progressively increases during senescence in telomerase-negative yeast.
  • Retrosequences frequently fused with Ty1 sequences and occasionally other mRNA transcripts, creating chimeric pseudogenes.
  • Efficient retrosequence formation was dependent on the homologous recombination gene RAD52.
  • High-frequency chromosome rearrangements were observed in telomerase-negative yeast, correlated with retrosequence formation.
  • Ty1-associated retrosequences were identified at the breakpoint junctions of four analyzed chromosomes.

Conclusions:

  • Reverse transcripts play a significant role in promoting chromosome rearrangements in yeast.
  • The formation of retrosequences is linked to genome instability, particularly in the context of telomere dysfunction and aging.
  • RAD52-mediated homologous recombination is crucial for the generation of these potentially mutagenic retrosequences.