Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Polysome Profiling in Leishmania, Human Cells and Mouse Testis
Published on: April 8, 2018
New modes of translational control in development, behavior, and disease
Nahum Sonenberg1, Alan G Hinnebusch
1Department of Biochemistry, McGill University, Montreal, QC H3G 1Y6, Canada. nahum.sonenberg@mcgill.ca
Abstract:
Over the last 10 years, the field of translational control has been enriched by atomic resolution structures of ribosomal complexes and factors in different functional states, and increased in sophistication by wedding genetics, reconstituted systems, and structural biology to elucidate basic reactions and mRNA-specific control mechanisms. New regulatory principles have emerged, including repression by micro-RNAs (miRNAs) and mRNA sequestration in cytoplasmic granules, and the field has extended its reach into development, brain function, and human disease. Here we seek to highlight some of the exciting developments of the last decade from the perspectives of our own approaches and expertise; accordingly, many highly noteworthy achievements could not be mentioned and we refer interested readers to the numerous excellent reviews cited below.
Related Concept Videos
Translational Regulation
Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Translation
Translation is the process of synthesizing proteins from the genetic information carried by messenger RNA (mRNA). Following transcription, it constitutes the final step in the expression of genes. This process is carried out by ribosomes, complexes of protein and specialized RNA molecules. Ribosomes, transfer RNA (tRNA), and other proteins produce a chain of amino acids—the polypeptide—as the end product of translation.
Translation Produces the Building Blocks of Life
Regulation of Expression Occurs at Multiple Steps
Transcription results in the generation of precursor (pre-mRNA) that consists of both exons and introns, which needs further processing before being translated to a...
Regulation of Expression at Multiple Steps
Human Genetics
The complex relationship between genetics and psychology is observable through common biological components such...
