Reflecting on the 2001 American Joint Committee on Cancer Staging System for melanoma

The Melanoma Staging Committee of the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) promulgated in 2001 major revisions of the melanoma tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) categories and stage grouping criteria, for a new staging system of cutaneous melanoma. The Committee invited data analyses relevant to the proposed new melanoma staging for validation of the system. Validation studies that were published subsequently confirmed most of the parameters of the new staging system, identified new prognostic factors that had not been included in the revised AJCC staging, whereas the prognostic power of some parameters could not be confirmed in the data of other institutions. This article provides an in-depth analysis of the current AJCC staging for melanoma, addresses areas of controversy, and offers proposals for consideration at the next revision of the system.