Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 9, 2026
10:56
A Familial Hypercholesterolemia Human Liver Chimeric Mouse Model Using Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell-derived Hepatocytes
Published on: September 15, 2018
Therapeutic approach to childhood hypercholesterolemia
Raanan Shamir1, Jonathan E Feig, Edward A Fisher
1Institute of Gastroenterology, Nutrition and Liver Diseases. Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Israel. shamirraanan@gmail.com
Pediatric Endocrinology Reviews : PER
|December 18, 2007
Summary
High cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia) increases cardiovascular disease risk. This review covers inherited high cholesterol causes and managing elevated LDL-C in children, noting universal screening isn't currently justified.
Area of Science:
- Pediatrics
- Cardiology
- Genetics
Background:
- Hypercholesterolemia elevates premature cardiovascular disease risk in adults.
- Early atherosclerotic lesions are linked to cardiovascular risk factors like LDL-C.
- Elevated LDL-C requires management in high-risk children, such as those with familial hypercholesterolemia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review inherited conditions causing elevated LDL-C.
- To discuss the management of elevated LDL-C in pediatric populations.
- To clarify if a specific LDL-C threshold warrants intervention irrespective of cause.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of inherited hypercholesterolemia.
- Analysis of current pediatric LDL-C management guidelines.
- Discussion of cardiovascular risk factors in children.
Main Results:
- Familial hypercholesterolemia is a key inherited cause of elevated LDL-C.
- Current evidence does not support universal population screening for hypercholesterolemia.
- Management strategies for pediatric elevated LDL-C are evolving.
Conclusions:
- Understanding inherited hypercholesterolemia is crucial for pediatric care.
- Targeted intervention for elevated LDL-C in children should consider etiology.
- Further research is needed to establish universal LDL-C intervention thresholds in children.
Related Concept Videos
01:20Lipid-Lowering Drugs: Statins and Miscellaneous Agents
Hyperlipidemia, a medical condition often referred to as high cholesterol, is characterized by abnormally elevated levels of lipids in the bloodstream. When present in excess, these lipids, specifically cholesterol and triglycerides, can lead to serious health complications, often involving cardiovascular diseases. Illnesses like atherosclerosis, heart attacks, and pancreatitis have all been linked to untreated hyperlipidemia. This means controlling and regulating cholesterol and triglyceride...
01:26Atherosclerosis III: Management
Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
01:29Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation
Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
Considering cholesterol and...
Considering cholesterol and...
01:23Atherosclerosis IV: Nursing Management
Nursing management for a patient with arteriosclerosis involves a comprehensive approach focusing on lifestyle modification, disease monitoring, education, and symptomatic care. Here is an overview of effective nursing strategies:Assessment and Monitoring: Initial and ongoing assessments are crucial. Nurses must document the patient's medical history, including any hypertension, diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and other cardiovascular diseases. Assessments also cover family history and lifestyle...
01:28Hypertension IV: Drug Therapy and Lifestyle Modifications
Multiple classes of antihypertensive medications are employed in treating hypertension. The most commonly recommended first-line treatments include:Thiazide Diuretics, such as chlorthalidone, increase sodium and water excretion from the body, reducing blood volume and blood pressure.Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors, like lisinopril, block the conversion of angiotensin I to II, a potent vasoconstrictor lowering blood pressure.Angiotensin II Receptor Blockers (ARBs) prevent angiotensin II...
01:29Pharmacogenomics: Identification of New Drug Targets
Advances in genomics have profoundly influenced drug discovery by increasing both the speed and accuracy of pharmaceutical development. Pharmacogenomics, which examines how genetic variation influences drug response, facilitates the identification of novel therapeutic targets and enables patient stratification for personalized treatment. These strategies contribute to improved drug efficacy, minimized adverse effects, and more efficient clinical trial design.Mapping genetic differences...