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Related Concept Videos

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint02:19

The Spindle Assembly Checkpoint

The spindle assembly checkpoint is a molecular surveillance mechanism ensuring the fidelity of chromosome segregation during anaphase. The checkpoint monitors the completion of all the prerequisite steps before chromosome segregation to determine whether the segregation process should proceed or be delayed.
Many proteins function together to control the spindle assembly checkpoint. Mutations affecting these proteins may allow cells to proceed into anaphase prematurely, resulting in the...
DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle02:36

DNA Damage Can Stall the Cell Cycle

In response to DNA damage, cells can pause the cell cycle to assess and repair the breaks. However, the cell must check the DNA at certain critical stages during the cell cycle. If the cell cycle pauses before DNA replication, the cells will contain twice the amount of DNA. On the other hand, if cells arrest after DNA replication but before mitosis, they will contain four times the normal amount of DNA. With a host of specialized proteins at their disposal,cells must use the right protein at...
Restarting Stalled Replication Forks02:37

Restarting Stalled Replication Forks

DNA replication is initiated at sites containing predefined DNA sequences known as origins of replication. DNA is unwound at these sites by the minichromosome maintenance (MCM) helicase and other factors such as Cdc45 and the associated GINS complex.The unwound single strands are protected by replication protein A (RPA) until DNA polymerase starts synthesizing DNA at the 5’ end of the strand in the same direction as the replication fork. To prevent the replication fork from falling apart, a...
S-Cdk Initiates DNA Replication02:38

S-Cdk Initiates DNA Replication

The cell cycle is a series of events leading to DNA duplication followed by the division of cell content to form two daughter cells. The cell cycle progresses in four stages—the cell increases in size (gap 1 or G1-phase), duplicates its DNA (synthesis or S-phase), prepares to divide (gap 2 or G2-phase), and divides (mitosis or M-phase).
Two states at the origin of replication
In eukaryotes, the initiation of replication occurs at many sites on the chromosomes, called the origins of replication.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay
12:26

Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay

Published on: May 3, 2018

Cdc7 kinase mediates Claspin phosphorylation in DNA replication checkpoint.

J M Kim1, N Kakusho, M Yamada

  • 1Genome Dynamics Project, The Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.

Oncogene
|December 18, 2007
PubMed
Summary

Cdc7 kinase is essential for DNA replication checkpoint activation. This study reveals Cdc7 regulates Claspin, a key protein, enabling the ATR-Chk1 pathway to respond to DNA damage.

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Last Updated: Jul 9, 2026

Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay
12:26

Identification of Cyclin-dependent Kinase 1 Specific Phosphorylation Sites by an In Vitro Kinase Assay

Published on: May 3, 2018

Examination of Proteins Bound to Nascent DNA in Mammalian Cells Using BrdU-ChIP-Slot-Western Technique
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Examination of Proteins Bound to Nascent DNA in Mammalian Cells Using BrdU-ChIP-Slot-Western Technique

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Two- and Three-Dimensional Live Cell Imaging of DNA Damage Response Proteins
10:24

Two- and Three-Dimensional Live Cell Imaging of DNA Damage Response Proteins

Published on: September 28, 2012

Area of Science:

  • Molecular Biology
  • Cell Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Cdc7 kinase is crucial for DNA replication initiation and progression.
  • The specific role of Cdc7 in DNA damage checkpoint responses is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the function of Cdc7 kinase in DNA replication checkpoint activation.
  • To elucidate the mechanism by which Cdc7 influences checkpoint signaling.

Main Methods:

  • Gene deletion in mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells.
  • siRNA-mediated depletion of Cdc7 in human cancer cell lines.
  • Hydroxyurea (HU) and UV treatment to induce DNA replication stress.
  • Analysis of Chk1 activation, ATR and Rad17 chromatin recruitment, and Claspin phosphorylation and association.

Main Results:

  • Cdc7 deletion or depletion abrogated hydroxyurea (HU)- or UV-induced Chk1 activation.
  • Cdc7-depleted cells showed increased sensitivity to HU treatment.
  • ATR and Rad17 correctly localized to chromatin, indicating normal detection of stalled replication forks.
  • Cdc7 depletion impaired Claspin chromatin association and phosphorylation.
  • Cdc7 was found to interact with and phosphorylate Claspin.

Conclusions:

  • Cdc7 kinase is required for the activation of the ATR-Chk1 DNA damage checkpoint pathway.
  • Cdc7 regulates Claspin, mediating its role in checkpoint activation.
  • Cdc7 plays a critical role in cellular responses to DNA replication stress.